Review for Preparing For Clinical Duties Chapter 12

Review What is the first way to prevent the transfer of microorganisms? Hand washing What is asepsis? Is a state of being free from all pathogenic microorganisms What are the three main reasons we should wear gloves? To provide protection as a barrier and prevent contamination of the hands when touching any blood or body fluid To reduce the possibility that any pathogens present on your hands will be transferred to another To diminish the chance of any pathogens being transmitted from you to patients as you go from one patient to another

Review What are some hand washing guidelines? Minimal jewelry Turn off the sink with a paper towel When a sink is not readily available use a commercial cleaner prep(alcohol base) for approximately one minute How long should you wash your hands for a surgical procedure? 5 to 6 min

Review What are some basic guidelines for lab safety Proper hand washing Gloving is always a must Cover all scratches, cuts, or any breaks in the skin Never eat, drink, chew gum, smoke, place your fingers or pens in your mouth Wear PPE(personal protective equipment) with splashing or spilled blood or body fluids Clean up spills immediately

Review What are pathogens? Microorganisms that are the cause of disease Employees who work with direct patient contact must have what vaccine? Hepatitis B vaccine(HBV) What are the smallest unicellular microorganisms? Viruses Are viruses treated with antibiotics? No All microorganisms require what to sustain life and for growth? O2, pH, temperature, water

Review They attach themselves outside of body and live independently? Parasites Simple parasitic plants? Fungi Single cell microorganisms multiples about every 20 minutes and vary in morphology Bacteria Do you treat a bacteria with antibiotics? Yes Complex single-cell microorganisms that attach themselves to others? Protozoa

Review What is sanitization? The process of washing and scrubbing to remove materials such as body tissue, blood, or other body fluids What is disinfection? A process by which disease-producing microorganisms, or pathogens, are killed What is sterilization? The process that destroys all forms of living organisms(autoclaving)

Review What disease is transmitted by direct or indirect contact with droplet, or airborne secretion, pruritic eruptions on the skin? Chickenpox What disease is transmitted by direct or indirect contact with eye discharge Conjunctivitis What disease is transmitted by direct contact blood to blood, by blood transfusion, contaminated needles or instruments Hepatitis B What disease is transmitted by direct fecal-oral contaminated food or water Hepatitis A

Review What disease is transmitted by direct and indirect contact and droplet infection with URI symptoms, fever, no appetite and child gets irritable and fussy? Haemophilus(Hib) What disease is transmitted by direct contact, eggs hatch in one week, itching scalp Lice What disease is transmitted by direct with infected person, painful blister-like lesions Herpes simplex What disease is transmitted by direct contact, fever, red and sore throat, swollen glands Strep throat

What diseases should be reported to the heath department? Influenza? Yes Herpes simplex? No Strep throat? Impetigo? Hepatitis A, B, C? Chickenpox? Scarlett fever? yes Meningitis? Pin-worms Conjunctivitis Head lice

Review What is a pressurized device designed to heat aqueous solutions above their boiling point Autoclave Why is autoclaving necessary? Kills all spores How many minutes should instruments soak before they are considered safe? 20 min Autoclave materials remain sterile for how many days? 30 days