Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address By: Grace Brady, Lisa Calegari, Odysseas Nikas, and August Bergh

Sherman’s March haiku William Sherman Determined and ready man Lincoln’s savior He was Lincoln’s savior because Sherman won a lot of battles which made McClellan look bad and soldiers voted for Lincoln.

Sherman’s March From the November of 1864 to April of 1865, General William Tecumseh Sherman led a devastating march through the South. He destroyed entire cities and major army and supply sites. This march crippled the South and was a major part of the Union victory and ending the Civil War Sherman’s March Comment from Lisa- you might want to make the notes bullet pointed

Sherman’s March to the Sea Map of Sherman’s March shermans path

The Ruins of Atlanta pictures...

The Ruins of Atlanta more pictures...

Facts on Sherman’s March General Sherman led 62,000 men through the heart of the South. This effort took about six weeks, traveling from Rome, Georgia, to Savannah, Georgia, to Raleigh, North Carolina. General Sherman ordered most of Atlanta to be burned to the ground He ordered his men to pillage supplies from civilians He implemented a “Total War” strategy. “A war in which every available weapon is used and the nation’s full financial resources are devoted.” Approximately 3,000 men died during the march. Sherman’s March Facts

Struggling South Haiku Off to a great start The South was, but suddenly The Union arose -Ody

The Struggling South What was the South struggling to do? Towards the last few years of the Civil War, the South struggled to get the resources they needed, and the help of others. They also were starting to lose their motivation in defeating the north. In the end what was the consequence to the South? The consequence to the South was that the South lost the four year war.

The Struggling South Part, 2 Why did the South lose the war? The South were largely outnumbered in men. The South also had lost its motivation, and to win a battle you need motivation . The South also were cut off from the help of France and England. The strong North and why they won. The North was able to bring its industry, manpower, and leadership to its best in such a way that eventually, through great advantages they kept the lead in the war.

What Historians Think About The South Losing The War Many historians have their own theories of how or why, the South lost the war to the North. A few thoughts and theories are: Lack of motivation Lack of manpower Lack of necessities The need of reinforcements and help from others

This map shows the United States territory twenty years after the civil war had come to an end.

Election of 1864 Haiku Two wars must be won The future depends on now Make a decision Battles between all Politics and bloody war No one is safe here

The Candidates The 1864 Election candidates included Abraham Lincoln and George B. McClellan. Lincoln being a republican, and McClellan being a democrat Abraham Lincoln (1809-65) George B. McClellan (1826-85) Lincoln’s running mate was Andrew Johnson McClellan’s running mate was George Pendleton Who would soldiers choose? Their head general in the Civil War, or someone who would be a great president? This slide shows a photograph of George B. McClellan and Abraham Lincoln in comparison. These are the Candidates for the 1864 Presidential Election. George B. McClellan, as you may remember, was a head general in the Civil War. Before, he had fought in the Mexican-American War. As you can tell, these two have very different perspectives; one being a lawyer, and one, a general. Abraham Lincoln’s running mate for this election was Andrew Johnson, and McClellan’s running mate was George Pendleton. Johnson was the military governor of Tennessee, and Pendleton was a Peace Democrat from Ohio. Peace Democrats are people who believe that the Union should be salvaged, but are not big fans of justice through war. The other kind of Democrats are war democrats; people who support war efforts to keep the Union together. One interesting fact about the Election of 1864 is that no one knew who the soldiers who fought with McClellan would vote for. You may not have known this, but after McClellan resigned as General, the Union started winning more battles. So since they didn’t win as much with McClellan, would he really make a great president? This was a hard decision for them. McClellan had been their leader, and to vote against him was considered disrespectful. But, Lincoln was the one who knew how to be a president. He was the better candidate. Well, who would win?

Who would win? The Confederates vs. the Union, Lincoln vs. McClellan The Union starts winning battles after McClellan leaves the battlefield. Soldiers start believing that McClellan is not fit for president, because he did not do as well on the battlefield as their new general. As a result, many citizens turn their heads towards Lincoln as a president, even if they weren’t exactly abolitionists Just like the fighting in the Civil War, there was a fight between republicans and democrats. But, these fights were mostly with words. Who would win the battle for president; Lincoln or McClellan? McClellan: although quite intelligent, a very arrogant man. He had been second in his class, and a Union general of the Civil War. But, after McClellan had retired as general, the Union had started to win their battles. Many soldiers thought that McClellan was the problem, and now that he was gone, the problem was fixed. So, could they trust this man as their new president? Also, the image on this slide is a cartoon from 1864 of Abraham Lincoln and Jefferson Davis (if you don’t remember, he is the president of the Confederacy) tearing apart America. Davis is saying “No peace without Separation” and Lincoln is saying “No peace without abolition”. The man in the middle is saying “The Union must be preserved at all hazards”. This image is suggesting that The Civil War is tearing (and in the cartoon physically) apart. It is suggesting that the Civil War is the issue. Propaganda, comrades, propaganda. Abraham Lincoln and Jefferson Davis (Conf. Pres.)

The Big Switch From 1860-4 Hannibal Hamlin was from Massachusetts (part of the North) Hamlin believes deeply in the act of stopping the expansion of slavery Andrew Johnson was from Tennessee (part of the South) Johnson is War Democrat Lincoln will focus on the War Here is another comparison between important people in the Election of 1864, except these are running mates. Hannibal Hamlin was Abraham Lincoln’s running mate for the Election of 1860. He was a Northerner who believed that slavery should stop expanding. He was born on August 27, 1809, so during the Election of 1865 he was around 55 years old. It’s worth noting that in the election of 1860, Lincoln wins by the Northerners’ votes, which was partially because of the ideas of his vice president; Hannibal Hamlin. Since Hamlin believed that slavery should stop expanding, many slave states didn’t vote for Lincoln and Hamlin. Now, you may think that when Lincoln tries for his second election in 1864, Hamlin would be his running mate again, but if you did think that… You were wrong. Lincoln chose another man named Andrew Johnson. Johnson was born on December 29, 1808, so, during the Election of 1864 he was 56. Since Andrew Johnson was from the South (specifically Tennessee), and was a War Democrat, this gave Abraham Lincoln the opportunity to show that he would not continue to abolish slavery because of his Southern running mate, and focus on other things like the Civil War. Also, this gave Confederate states someone in the Government to rely on, because Lincoln knew how much the Confederate states hated him. Hannibal Hamlin Andrew Johnson

The Outcome Lincoln wins the vote November 8, 1864 Lincoln wins the vote The only three states who voted for McClellan were Kentucky, New Jersey, and Delaware The date of the election was November 8, 1864; only four months before Abraham Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address on March 4, 1865. But don’t worry, we’ll talk about that in our Harkness. One second as I explain to you the difference between the popular vote, and the electoral vote.The popular votes are the votes that are made by citizens of America over the age of 18. Electoral votes are the votes that the selected people of each state make to choose the president. But don’t get me wrong, American citizens’ votes count. Only four presidents have won the Electoral vote without winning the popular vote, our most recent being George Bush in 2000. Now, onto the map. As you can see, the blue states are states that had an electoral vote for Lincoln, and the red states are the ones that had an electoral vote for McClellan. Lincoln won by a lot in the Electoral voting. But, in the popular vote, the difference was 10% between the candidates, with Lincoln winning at 55%. One thing to note about this map is that a large chunk of America is Confederate, so the percentage of people actually voting for president dropped. One of the sad things about this outcome was that McClellan’s home state didn’t vote for him for the electoral vote, so he has three different states :(.

Appomattox haiku Two armies fought but Only one could win. then they Signed a peace treaty

General Robert E. Lee Born: January 19, 1807, Stratford Hall, VA Though he won many large battles in he south, both his attacks on the north were unsuccessful. he was the Leader of the confederate army. though he did not like slavery, he seceded for his state Virginia.

General Ulysses S. Grant Born: April 27, 1822, Point Pleasant, OH ended up being the 18th U.S. President he was made the general of the army of Potomac after his success in the Chattanooga campaign A union soldier and general

Before Appomattox battle of five forks-April 1, 1865 Pickett fought Sheridan over the south side railway that was important for the southern success, and was lee's last supply line. The battle was a Northern victory. They fought over a crossroad called five forks. Battle of fort stedman -led to grant realizing that Lee was weak. battle of five forks Map, Explain both battles Ok. So, the south side railroad was very important to the south. Lee sent Pickett to go and guard it, and grant sent Sheridan, who you already learned about, to capture it. It was a southern defeat, and now lees last supply line was cut. The end of the war was coming. Basically throughout the entire battle Sheridan whipped Pickett and was alive and raging throughout the battle. Awesome. Bye!

Appomattox-April 9, 1865 lee had been fleeing the union army. At Appomattox the union finally caught up to him. Appomattox was the final real battle of the war it was fought at the Appomattox court house because Robert E. Lee's army had fled there to get food. apomatox notes

Appomattox continued general grant sent letters begging Robert's army to surrender. the terms of the surrender were not very harsh. the terms were: the confederate soldiers would be forgiven and welcomed back to the union just as long as they gave all their weapons to the government and agreed not to attack or secede again.

Appomattox battle Explain what happened-find out...!!!

Second Inaugural Address Facts. Lincoln gave his Second Inaugural Address on March 4, 1865. John Wilkes Booth was standing about ten to thirty feet behind Lincoln, while he was giving Second Inaugural Address. Lincoln's main idea is that the south needs to be welcomed back. Lincoln uses God a lot in his speech.

Thank You For Watching Now, to transition into a Harkness, please Arrange your desks into a circle, and get out both of your Inaugural Addresses,(if you would like, take out your Gettysburg Address) and look over your annotations, our annotations and the other groups annotations. Thank You.