The South and The Slavery Controvery The Slave System

Objectives Analyze the complex relations among the different elements in Southern society. Examine the nature of slavery as an economic institution and a social system.

Discussion Theme of the chapter? What was the true nature of slavery according to the historians on page 394? What main ideas were represented in the Crash Course video?

Station 1

Station 2

Station 3

Station 4

Station 5

The Cotton Kingdom Slavery was becoming a dying business The South uses Europe’s cotton dependency for future alliances The plantation system shaped the lives of southern women

The Slave System Over speculation by plantation owners leads to deep debt One-crop economy was at the mercy of world conditions “Snobocracy v. White Trash” Slaveless whites defend the slave system

Social Hierarchy Aristocrats Whites (own 1-2 slaves) Slaveless Whites Mountain Whites Blacks

Slaves Without Masters Some free blacks owned slaves Northerners denied blacks rights, widely hated by Irish Anti-black feeling was stronger in the North

Plantation Slavery Slave increase in Antebellum South was due to reproduction Many slaves were highly respected, women were prized Laws that protect slaves were difficult to enforce Africans combined religions as signals, codes

Assignment “Do, Say, Think” Activity Use for the following people… Booker T. Washington William Lloyd Garrison Frederick Douglass

The South and The Slavery Controversy The Abolitionist Movement

Bell Ringer “I am earnest – I will not equivocate- I will not excuse – I will not retreat a single inch – and I will be heard!” How successful is an abolitionist likely to be in the North and the South?

Objective Explain the responses to slavery.

The Burdens of Bondage Slaves had no change of achieving the “American dream” Rebellions were never successful Nat Turner (1831) Slaves caused trouble without getting punished badly

Early Abolitionism American Colonization Society was developed to transport blacks to Africa Abolitionism came about as a result of the Second Great Awakening

The Liberator After reading the article, answer the following questions: For what audience was the document written? List three things the author said that you think are important. List two things the document tells you about life in the United States at the time it was written.

Radical Abolitionism -*-++- William Lloyd Garrison publishes The Liberator David Walker advocates a bloody end to white supremacy Frederick Douglass looks to politics to solve the slavery problem Abolitionists supported war for the price for emancipation Other notable abolitionists… Sojourner Truth Martin Delaney -*-++-

The Response to Abolitionism South North Negative response to abolitionist movement South portrays slavery as a positive good Compare the treatment of black men in South to North “Gag resolution” passed to table abolitionist appeals Speeches provoke violence Mobs attack popular abolitionists See page 389 in text.

The Liberator What is the general emotion behind this excerpt?

Manifest Destiny and Its Legacy

Objectives Examine the United States reasoning behind manifest destiny. Identify struggles the United States faced during expansion.

John Tyler Accession due to death of Wm. Harrison Face issues of financial reform, new Bank of the U.S. Anti-British sentiment is high

Independence…maybe Maine Texas Aroostook War Webster-Ashburton Treaty Forms alliances with foreign nations Issues for America in the form of… Monroe Doctrine Cotton economy Southern “slavocracy”

Mandate for Manifest Destiny “Young Hickory” in the election of 1844 supports Texas invitation 4 points in 4 years “Why all of Texas but not all of Oregon?” Strained relations with Mexico makes California difficult to acquire

Consequences to War with Mexico Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Lee and Grant gain practice for Civil War Respect from outside countries Pave the way for Civil War Wilmot Proviso Santa Anna’s Revenge

Review Questions Chapter 16 & 17

Question 1 The North France Latin America Britain

Question 2 The sewing machine The mechanical cotton-picker The cotton gin The steamboat

Question 3 Northern traders and European manufacturers Southern and northern slave traders Southern textile industrialists Midwestern farmers and cattlemen

Question 4 Increasing immigration of laborers from Europe A dependence on the North for trade and manufacturing A stable system of credit and finance A relatively equal distribution of property and wealth

Question 5 Over a hundred slaves Over fifty slaves Fewer than ten slaves Only one slave

Question 6 They were bribed by the planter class They enjoyed the economic benefits of slavery They felt racially superior to blacks and hoped to be able to buy slaves They disliked the northern abolitionists

Question 7 the illegal importation of slaves from Africa The re-enslavement of formerly free blacks Natural reproduction The incorporation into the United States of new slave territories

People, Places and Events Sir Walter Scott Harriet Beecher Stowe Nat Turner Liberia Theodore Dwight Weld Lewis Tappan Lane Theological Seminary William Lloyd Garrison David Walker Sojourner Truth Martin Delaney Frederick Douglass Virginia legislature John Quincy Adams Elijah Lovejoy

Question 8 Slavery and expansion Banking and tariff policy Foreign policy Agriculture and transportation policy

Question 9 American involvement in Canadian rebellions and border disputes British support form American abolitionists American anger at British default on canal and railroad loans American intervention in the British West Indies

Question 10 Waging a constant war against Mexico Refusing to sign treaties with any outside powers Relying on the military power of the United States Establishing friendly relations with Britain and other European powers

Question 11 The Mexican War The Texan’s willingness to abandon slavery President Tyler’s interpretation of the election of 1844 as a mandate to acquire Texas A compromise agreement with Britain

Question 12 Americans were destined to uphold democracy and freedom There would inevitably be a civil war over slavery some time in the future Mexico was destined to be acquired by the US God had destined the US to expand across all of North America

Question 13 American refusal to pay Mexican claims for damage to its citizens Mexican refusal to sell California and a dispute over the Texas boundary Mexican support for the antislavery movement in Texas American determination to establish democracy in northern Mexico

Question 14 The decline of the Democratic party A sharp revival of the issue of slavery A large influx of Hispanic immigrants into the southern US A significant increase in taxes to pay the costs of the war

People, Places and Events John Tyler Henry Clay Aroostook War Daniel Webster Texas Oregon James K. Polk John C. Fremont Abraham Lincoln Rio Grande Zachary Taylor Winfield Scott Santa Anna Nicholas Trist David Wilmot