Art of Ancient Greece
Terms and Stuff city-state -- a polis an autonomous region having a city as its political, cultural, religious, and economic center for example: Athens, Sparta, Corinth or Thebes—remember Antigone a stoa –colonnaded pavilion, open on three sides the importance of the procession The Agora Entasis sanctuaries Mount Olympos Sanctuary of Apollo, Delphi (the oracle of Delphi)
Major Periods Geometric Period 900-700 BCE Orientalizing Period 700-600 BCE Archaic Period 600-480 BCE Athens has a representative government; every community (deme) had its own assembly and magistrates
4. Classical Period framed by the defeat of the Persians (479 BCE) and the death of Alexander the Great (323 BCE) Early Classical 480-450 BCE destruction of the Persian fleet in the Straits of Salamis, 479 BCE 5th Century Classical 450-400 BCE Pericles rebuilds the Acropolis; he dies in 429 BCE Sparta dominated the Peloponnese and much of the rest of mainland Greece; Athens dominated the Aegean and became a wealthy and influential center of a maritime empire The series of conflicts between Sparta and Athens became known as the Peloponnesian Wars (641-445 BCE)
4. Classical Period (continued) framed by the defeat of the Persians (479 BCE) and the death of Alexander the Great (323 BCE) 4th Century Classical 400-330 BCE Alexander the Great died in 323 BCE at the age of 32 5. Hellenistic Period 320-21 BCE Cleopatra died in 30 BCE
Temples
a Mycenaen megaron—the source of the Greek Temple a columned entrance porch an anteroom with a central doorway a living space with a central hearth and four columns supporting the roof around the opening
see page 163 cella or naos pillars/anta may project forward to frame the two columns in antis (the columns are between the pillars) peristyle: the pillars go all the way around the building
The Ionic order has a frieze and a base as well as a different capital. The proportions of the Ionic order are more elongated.
Temple of Hera I, Paestum, Italy c. 550 BCE
Temple of Hera I, Paestum, Italy c. 550 BCE Doric order (an early version) columns with fluted shafts but without bases rest directly on the stylobate Temple of Hera I, Paestum, Italy c. 550 BCE
Kallikrates and Iktinos Parthenon, Acropolis, Athens 447-428 BCE 4:9 breath to length swelling of the columns ideal Doric temple an earthly home of Athena—patron goddess of Athens Kallikrates and Iktinos Parthenon, Acropolis, Athens 447-428 BCE 5th Century Classical
Parthenon, Acropolis, Athens 447-428 BCE Athena Parthenos the cult figure of Athena
Sanctuary of Athena Pronaia, Delphi Tholos Sanctuary of Athena Pronaia, Delphi c. 400 BCE Tholos Sanctuary of Athena Pronaia, Delphi c. 400 BCE
caryatids caryatid