QUALITY MANAGEMENT (bpb 44002)

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Presentation transcript:

QUALITY MANAGEMENT (bpb 44002) Dr. Rosmaini Tasmin Faculty of Technology Management and Business UTHM Johor

Cause and Effect Diagram 7 Quality Control Tools Pareto Chart Cause and Effect Diagram Check Sheet Histogram Scatter Diagram Run Chart Control Chart

Quality Defects What causes the defect? What caused the Titanic to sink?

Pareto Chart (1) Quality problems caused by variety of factors Separate few significant factors from trivials 80% of problems created by only 20% causes 80/20 rule-of-thumb

Pareto Chart N

Sample Exercise Customer problems on Online Store

Pareto Chart Answer N

Cause and Effect Diagram (2) Developed by Dr. Ishikawa in 1968, also known as “Ishikawa Diagram”, “Fish-bone Diagram”. Major elements: People, Method, Machine, Materials, Measurement, Environment. Mazda Motors used an Ishikawa diagram - Miata sports car

Cause-and-Effect Diagram (Fish Bone Diagram) Known also as Ishikawa diagram. A formal tool useful in layering potential causes of a problem

Cause and Effect Diagram 5W 1H Good Lecture

Check Sheet (3) Collecting data in organized manner Check sheets organised data category Register how often different problem occurs Types of Check Sheet Defective Item Defective Location Defective Cause Check-up Confirmation

Defect Concentration Diagram A picture of the product showing all relevant views of location of defects

Check Sheet N

Check Sheet A check sheet is very useful in data collection activity Time-oriented summary is useful in looking for trends or other meaningful patterns.

Histogram (4) N

Sampling Data Set What type of data is this? What is the 50th percentile value?

Histogram

Scatter Diagram (5) N

Scatter Diagram Useful plot for identifying a potential relationship between two variables

Run Chart (6) N

Run Chart in Application

Control Chart N

Control Chart Determining control limits: re What are the UCL and LCL? Nominal value = 1.5 micron with tolerance (SD) + - 0.15 micron What are the UCL and LCL? Determining control limits: Upper control limit (UCL) Lower control limit (LCL)

Standard Deviation Calculation practice…

Six Sigma Six Sigma is a set of tools and strategies for process improvement originally developed by Motorola in 1986. Improve the quality by identifying and removing the causes of defects (errors) and minimizing variability "Champions", "Black Belts", "Green Belts", "Orange Belts", etc. Measure of how much a process deviates from perfection Goals: a 3.4 defects per million opportunities Champion an executive responsible for project success 25

Motorola N

Normal Distribution 27

Normal distribution with the mean shifted 28

Any question?, if not…