Colonization, Decolonization, & Imperialism

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Presentation transcript:

Colonization, Decolonization, & Imperialism

Colonies A colony is a territory legally tied to a sovereign state rather than being completely independent. In some cases, a sovereign state runs only military and foreign policy In other cases, controls internal affairs Largest remaining colonies today: Puerto Rico (U.S.), Greenland (Denmark), Hong Kong (China, was British until 1997), Macao (China, was Portugal until 1999) Colonization-effort by one country to establish settlements in a territory not previously organized

Who Colonizes and Why? In the most recent history…. White People. Early European Colonization 1500-1825 God, Gold, Glory Modern Colonization 1825-1975 Economics and Military Strategy

British vs. French Empires at their Height of Colonization Colonies United States Eastern and southern Africa S. Asia (esp. India) Middle East Australia Canada West Africa S. E. Asia Colonial Practices *Created different government structures and policies for various territories *Decentralized approach protected the diverse cultures, local customs and education systems in the empire *Attempted to assimilate its colonies into French culture and educate an elite group to provide local administrative leadership *After independence, most leaders kept close ties with France

The Scramble For Africa Africa: A Case Study The Scramble For Africa

Decolonization 1871

Decolonization 1871

The New Sovereign States

Decolonization Most African and Asian colonies became independent only after WWII Only 15 of these nations were UN member in 1945 compared to 103 in 2003 Boundaries frequently coincide with colonial boundaries

Decolonization Two Waves of Decolonization First wave – focused on decolonization of the Americas Second wave – focused on decolonization of Africa and Asia

Imperialism Imperialism-control of a territory already occupied and organized by an indigenous society Britain is often seen as the modern example. “The Sun Never Sets on the British Empire Imperialism and Colonization went hand and hand for a very long time. Modern day imperialism can manifest itself in many ways…