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The Minoans - Today’s Topics When & Where Jobs Ship-building How They Looked, How They Dressed Role of Women Sports

The Minoans

The Minoans – Notes (page 1)

a.k.a. “_________”

a.k.a. “the Cretans”

Minoan civilization existed from _________________ _____________________________________

Minoan civilization existed from 2800 BCE – 1400 BCE _____________________________________

Minoan civilization developed on the island Minoan civilization developed on the island of ____ between the ___________ ___ and the _________.

Minoan civilization developed on the island Minoan civilization developed on the island of Crete between the ___________ ___ and the _________.

Minoan civilization developed on the island Minoan civilization developed on the island of Crete between the Mediterranean Sea and the _________.

Minoan civilization developed on the island Minoan civilization developed on the island of Crete between the Mediterranean Sea and the Aegean Sea.

What are the origins of the word Mediterranean?

medius = terra =

medius = middle terra =

medius = middle terra = land

Most Minoan people were _________ ______ (1) Grew _____________________ ____ (2) Excess (extra) goods were _____ for ___________________ ________________

Most Minoan people were farmers and traders (1) Grew _____________________ ____ (2) Excess (extra) goods were _____ for ___________________ ________________

Most Minoan people were farmers and traders (1) Grew wheat, barley, grapes, and olives (2) Excess (extra) goods were _____ for ___________________ ________________

Most Minoan people were farmers and traders (1) Grew wheat, barley, grapes, and olives (2) Excess (extra) goods were traded for ___________________ ________________

Most Minoan people were farmers and traders (1) Grew wheat, barley, grapes, and olives (2) Excess (extra) goods were traded for pottery, jewelry, leather and bronze artifacts

The Minoans – Notes (page 2)

The Minoans improved their ship-building skills (1) _____________ (2) ____________________________

The Minoans improved their ship-building skills (1) slimmer = _____ (2) ____________________________

The Minoans improved their ship-building skills (1) slimmer = faster (2) ____________________________

The Minoans improved their ship-building skills (1) slimmer = faster (2) 2 or 3 masts instead of 1 = _____

The Minoans improved their ship-building skills (1) slimmer = faster (2) 2 or 3 masts instead of 1 = faster

(3) _______________________ (4) ______________________ ________

(3) deck over rowers = _______ (4) ______________________ ________

(3) deck over rowers = protection (4) ______________________ ________

(3) deck over rowers = protection (4) wooden beam in front to ___ _________

(3) deck over rowers = protection (4) wooden beam in front to ram other ships

Description of the people Physical Characteristics – (1) ___________________ ______________________

Description of the people Physical Characteristics – (1) thin waist, short, small, bronzed skin, long/dark hair

Dress (1) Men – _________________ ____________________ (2) Women – _________________ ___________________ ________________

Dress (1) Men – loincloths, long robes, trousers bagged at knees (2) Women – _________________ ___________________ ________________

Dress (1) Men – loincloths, long robes, trousers bagged at knees (2) Women – full skirt, short sleeve jackets laced or open in front, belts, jewelry

Sexism or some level of equality for women? (1) ________________________ ________________________

Sexism or some level of equality for women? (1) women could drive chariots, go hunting, watch sporting events

The Minoans loved sports (1) _____

The Minoans loved sports (1) boxing

(2) _____________________. (a) description – ___________ (2) _____________________ (a) description – ___________ ______________________ ____________________ _____________________ _________________________ (b) happened in _____ (Minoans built the first of these)

(2) bull-leaping (their favorite). (a) description – ___________ (2) bull-leaping (their favorite) (a) description – ___________ ______________________ ____________________ _____________________ _________________________ (b) happened in _____ (Minoans built the first of these)

(2) bull-leaping (their favorite). (a) description – a form of bull (2) bull-leaping (their favorite) (a) description – a form of bull fighting – man tumbles over bull’s horns, lands on bull’s back, does a back flip, and lands into female partner’s arms (b) happened in _____ (Minoans built the first of these)

(2) bull-leaping (their favorite). (a) description – a form of bull (2) bull-leaping (their favorite) (a) description – a form of bull fighting – man tumbles over bull’s horns, lands on bull’s back, does a back flip, and lands into female partner’s arms (b) happened in arenas (Minoans built the first of these)

(c) 2 main reasons why bull-leaping was. so important. _____________ (c) 2 main reasons why bull-leaping was so important * _____________ * _________________ (d) bull became a symbol of ____ to the Minoans (e) ____ surrounding the bull evolved

(c) 2 main reasons why bull-leaping was. so important (c) 2 main reasons why bull-leaping was so important * religious meaning * _________________ (d) bull became a symbol of ____ to the Minoans (e) ____ surrounding the bull evolved

(c) 2 main reasons why bull-leaping was. so important (c) 2 main reasons why bull-leaping was so important * religious meaning * exciting entertainment (d) bull became a symbol of ____ to the Minoans (e) ____ surrounding the bull evolved

(c) 2 main reasons why bull-leaping was. so important (c) 2 main reasons why bull-leaping was so important * religious meaning * exciting entertainment (d) bull became a symbol of power to the Minoans (e) ____ surrounding the bull evolved

(c) 2 main reasons why bull-leaping was. so important (c) 2 main reasons why bull-leaping was so important * religious meaning * exciting entertainment (d) bull became a symbol of power to the Minoans (e) myth surrounding the bull evolved

The Minoans - Today’s Topics When & Where Jobs Ship-building How They Looked, How They Dressed Role of Women Sports

The Minoans – Notes (page 3)

A ____ is a legendary story that ______ ___________ or ____________

A myth is a legendary story that explains A myth is a legendary story that explains natural events or teaches a lesson

Myth of the Minotaur The Minotaur is a monster – ________ _______

Myth of the Minotaur The Minotaur is a monster – half-man, half-bull

The Minotaur lives in ___________ beside _________________

The Minotaur lives in the Labyrinth beside the Palace of Knossos

(1) Minotaur devours _____________ who are tribute to _________ (2) Greek hero ______ tells _________ (his father) he will kill __________ - when he returns he will show a ____ ___ on his ship to show he was successful

(1) Minotaur devours Athenian children who are tribute to the Minoans (2) Greek hero ______ tells _________ (his father) he will kill the Minotaur - when he returns he will show a ____ ___ on his ship to show he was successful

(1) Minotaur devours Athenian children who are tribute to the Minoans (2) Greek hero Theseus tells King Aegeus (his father) he will kill the Minotaur - when he returns he will show a ____ ___ on his ship to show he was successful

(1) Minotaur devours Athenian children who are tribute to the Minoans (2) Greek hero Theseus tells King Aegeus (his father) he will kill the Minotaur - when he returns he will show a white sail on his ship to show he was successful

(3) ________ (King of Minoans) has a daughter ______ who loves Theseus. She helps him kill __________ with ______ and ___________.

(3) King Minos (King of Minoans) has a (3) King Minos (King of Minoans) has a daughter Ariadne who loves Theseus. She helps him kill the Minotaur with ______ and ___________.

(3) King Minos (King of Minoans) has a (3) King Minos (King of Minoans) has a daughter Ariadne who loves Theseus. She helps him kill the Minotaur with a sword and a ball of twine.

(4) ______ kills __________ and sails. for home - forgets to _______

(4) Theseus kills the Minotaur and sails for home - forgets to _______ _______.

(4) Theseus kills the Minotaur and sails (4) Theseus kills the Minotaur and sails for home - forgets to raise the white sail.

(5) When _________ sees the ________,. he thinks ______ has died – he (5) When _________ sees the ________, he thinks ______ has died – he jumps into the sea beside his kingdom of _____ (_________)

(5) When King Aegeus sees the black sails, (5) When King Aegeus sees the black sails, he thinks Theseus has died – he jumps into the sea beside his kingdom of Athens (_________)

(5) When King Aegeus sees the black sails, (5) When King Aegeus sees the black sails, he thinks Theseus has died – he jumps into the sea beside his kingdom of Athens (Aegean Sea)

The myth of the Minotaur explains an. event – ______________________ The myth also teaches a lesson – ____ __________

The myth of the Minotaur explains an The myth of the Minotaur explains an event – why Minoan civilization came to an end The myth also teaches a lesson – ____ __________

The myth of the Minotaur explains an The myth of the Minotaur explains an event – why Minoan civilization came to an end The myth also teaches a lesson – keep your promises

More on King Minos According to legend, ________ was a powerful King of _________ Was there really a “King Minos”?

More on King Minos According to legend, King Minos was a powerful King of the Minoans Was there really a “King Minos”?

King Minos is given credit for building the _____________ (1) _____________ has so many rooms, hallways, & passageways, it is like a maze or _______ (likely source of the ____)

King Minos is given credit for building the Palace of Knossos (1) Palace of Knossos has so many rooms, hallways, & passageways, it is like a maze or _______ (likely source of the ____)

King Minos is given credit for building the Palace of Knossos (1) Palace of Knossos has so many rooms, hallways, & passageways, it is like a maze or labyrinth (likely source of the myth)

Today’s Big Topic The Palace at Knossos

1. a) Where did the Minotaur live? b) What was this right next to?

1. a) Where did the Minotaur live? b) What was this right next to? 2. a) Who was the king of Athens? b) Who was the king of Crete?

1. a) Where did the Minotaur live? b) What was this right next to? 2. a) Who was the king of Athens? b) Who was the king of Crete? 3. Who is the hero of the story?

4. What 2 items does Ariadne give the hero to help him?

4. What 2 items does Ariadne give the hero to help him? 5. Why does the king of Athens kill himself?

4. What 2 items does Ariadne give the hero to help him? 5. Why does the king of Athens kill himself? 6. What does the myth of the Minotaur help to explain?

The Minoans – Notes (page 4)

The Palace of Knossos Located in the center of ______, the largest city in ancient ____

The Palace of Knossos Located in the center of Knossos, the largest city in ancient Crete

(1) Knossos different from other ancient cities in two ways * ___________________________ _____ * _________________________ ____

(1) Knossos different from other ancient cities in two ways * Center of city was a palace, not a temple * _________________________ ____

(1) Knossos different from other ancient cities in two ways * Center of city was a palace, not a temple * City had no walls to protect it – Why?

Palace of Knossos ____ (1) _ acres large and ___ stories high

Palace of Knossos huge (1) 5 acres large and 3-5 stories high

Many rooms, corridors and hallways, winding and twisting passageways – like a maze or _______!

Many rooms, corridors and hallways, winding and twisting passageways – like a maze or labyrinth!

Palace was decorated (1) _______ – Water color paintings on wet plaster of walls * covered ____ walls of palace

Palace was decorated (1) frescoes – Water color paintings on wet plaster of walls * covered inside walls of palace

(2) ____ head, ____ horns common decorations (3) Double ___ also used to decorate - they were symbols of power!

(2) Bull’s head, bull’s horns common decorations (3) Double ___ also used to decorate - they were symbols of power!

(2) Bull’s head, bull’s horns common decorations (3) Double axes also used to decorate - they were symbols of power!

Unique inventions in the palace (1) __________________________ ___________________ (2) ________________________ ____

Unique inventions in the palace (1) Drainage system - brought water in and took sewage away (2) ________________________ ____

Unique inventions in the palace (1) Drainage system - brought water in and took sewage away (2) Plumbing - hot and cold running water

Palace was called “House of the Double ___” for two reasons (1) word “labrys” also means double ___ (2) pictures of double ____ all over the palace

Palace was called “House of the Double Axe” for two reasons (1) word “labrys” also means double ___ (2) pictures of double ____ all over the palace

Palace was called “House of the Double Axe” for two reasons (1) word “labrys” also means double axe (2) pictures of double axes all over the palace

The Discovery of Knossos 1900 AD - British archeologist _____________ excavated Knossos, Crete

The Discovery of Knossos 1900 AD - British archeologist Sir Arthur Evans excavated Knossos, Crete

(1) discovered clay tablets with a strange (1) discovered clay tablets with a strange script on them – called Linear A and Linear B Linear A tablets Linear B tablets

(a) Linear B is thought to be an old. form of Greek writing – it has (a) Linear B is thought to be an old form of Greek writing – it has been deciphered, and it can be read

(b) Linear A is thought to be Minoan. writing, and it has never been (b) Linear A is thought to be Minoan writing, and it has never been deciphered

The Minoans – Notes (page 5)

Minoan Religion Had many gods – _________ (1) most important - ___________

Minoan Religion Had many gods – polytheistic (1) most important - Mother Earth

______ – sacred places to worship built ______ – sacred places to worship built in palaces, house tops, and hilltops

Shrines – sacred places to worship built Shrines – sacred places to worship built in palaces, house tops, and hilltops

What do these locations have in common? Shrines – sacred places to worship built in palaces, house tops, and hilltops What do these locations have in common?

What happened to Ancient Crete’s power and Civilization? There are 3 Main Theories

(1) ___________________ * once the _______ was killed, _____ power also died

(1) Mythological Fall Theory * once the _______ was killed, _____ power also died

(1) Mythological Fall Theory * once the Minotaur was killed, Cretan power also died

(2) _______________ * ____________ on island of Thera (70 miles north) in 1645 BC * earthquake, tidal waves, ash, etc.

(2) Natural Fall Theory * ____________ on island of Thera (70 miles north) in 1645 BC * earthquake, tidal waves, ash, etc.

(2) Natural Fall Theory * volcanic eruption on island of Thera (70 miles north) in 1645 BC * earthquake, tidal waves, ash, etc.

(3) _________________ * _________ from southern Greece conquered Crete and took control

(3) Historical Fall Theory * _________ from southern Greece conquered Crete and took control

(3) Historical Fall Theory * Mycenaeans from southern Greece conquered Crete and took control