Applied Anatomy and Physiology Structure and Function of the Cardio Respiratory System

Do Now… Try and work out what happens when you breathe in and out. Write down your thoughts

Structure & Function of the Cardio-respiratory System = AO1 (knowledge & understanding) KEY TERMS Cardio-respiratory system Gaseous exchange Haemoglobin Oxyhaemoglobin Alveoli Capillaries Diffusion pathway Inhalation/inspiration Exhalation/expiration Expiratory reserve volume Inspiratory reserve volume Residual volume Tidal volume Vital capacity

Tasks… Label the diagram of the respiratory system Write a brief description of the respiratory system & gaseous exchange (pg16) Copy the diagram that illustrates gaseous exchange

Home Learning… Learn all the parts of the respiratory system Complete worksheet ‘Gaseous Exchange’ Research the ‘mechanics of breathing’ does it match what you wrote in your ‘Do Now’ task? AO2 Apply knowledge and understanding

Do Now… Complete final revision for your test on the respiratory system and the mechanics of breathing Complete the test then peer mark it, giving a mark on the top of the sheet

The Mechanics of Breathing… Using pg 17 of the text book, draw a flow diagram illustrating what happens when you breathe in and out (inhale/exhale) Be careful to get the sequence correct, use words, symbols, arrows and make use of colour to highlight the key information

Breathing in and out… Nose & mouth Trachea Bronchi Bronchioles Lungs Alveoli Know the order, characteristics & identification of pathways on diagrams Function of alveoli within the process of gaseous exchange Large surface area Moist thin walls (1 cell thick) Short distance for diffusion Lots of capillaries Large blood supply O2 combines with haemoglobin = oxyhaemoglobin Movement of gas from high concentration to low concentration Students must know what each of these terms means and what happens when we exercise

Home Learning… Write a brief definition/description for each of the following key terms (own notes or on worksheet – you choose)

Do Now… Make sure that you can teach the following key terms to someone else. Predict what might happen to them after exercise.

Learning challenge… Know the process of inhalation and exhalation (AO1) Understand the different types of lung volume (AO2) Apply understanding of breathing and spirometer trace data to sporting contexts (AO3)

Activity 1 Practical activity Close your eyes and concentrate on the movement of your ribcage Visualise your ribcage moving up and out and diaphragm moving down as you inhale Visualise your ribcage moving down and in and diaphragm moving up as you exhale Q: What causes the ribcage and diaphragm to move in this way? Q: Repeat this activity after 3 minutes of vigorous exercise Q: What muscles have been recruited to assist with breathing? Review worksheet 1.10 and make sure that you have answered the second section as fully as possible.

Watch… https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QJcAJHFqXZg Trace with your fingers on your diagram the parts as they are being described

Using all the information… Complete the spirometer trace worksheet 1.11 Label the 5 volumes on the spirometer trace Continue the spirometer trace to show how the respiratory volume changes during exercise

Home Learning… Research the cardiovascular system, what are it’s components and how does it work? What happens to your cardiovascular system during exercise? ‘The Lungs’ model, see task sheet/Moodle for details

Use one of your balloons to demonstrate Do Now… Organise your equipment on your table, including the design brief sheet, ready for your group to make a working model of the lungs. Use one of your balloons to demonstrate

Now make your working model of the lungs and then…. Write a paragraph in your exercise book to explain your model. Use the key words on the bottom of your design brief to help you.

….and leave it on my desk in order to leave the class. Fill in an Exit Ticket…. ….and leave it on my desk in order to leave the class.

Home Learning Practical activity Measure your breathing rate at rest (count breaths per minute). This is your tidal volume. Experiment trying to experience inspiratory and expiratory reserve volume by forcing extra air in and out as you breathe Q: What does a spirometer measure? (AO1) Q: What would a spirometer trace look like for your current breathing? (AO2) Repeat this activity after 3 minutes of vigorous exercise. Q: What do you notice about the changes in tidal volume and inspiratory and expiratory reserve volume? (AO2/3) Q: How would your spirometer trace change after exercise? (AO2/3) Check your spirometer trace diagram on worksheet 1.11 to make sure that you can apply your understanding to sporting contexts (AO3)

Do Now… Use the sugar paper on your table to record what you have learned about the cardiorespiratory system After 3 minutes move clockwise around the room and add, build or challenge other groups’ learning Checklist: Components of the CV system Structure of the heart Pathway of the blood

So what do we know? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l7ejcLxKW8c

UPDATE FROM HERE

Aerobic & Anaerobic Exercise Key Terms Aerobic exercise - low intensity, time to use the oxygen for energy production and can work for a long period of time. Intensity – the amount of energy required to complete an activity. Working at high intensity requires a large amount of energy, working at low intensity requires ? Energy. LEARN THE FORMULA Key Terms Anaerobic exercise – working for short periods of time at high intensity, without oxygen for energy production Lactic Acid – a mild poison, a waste product of anaerobic respiration Excess Post-exercise Oxygen consumption (EPOC = oxygen debt) = the amount of energy needed to recover after exercise. Characterised by increased breathing rate & deeper breathing after exercise LEARN THE FORMULA

Home Learning… Log onto MyPEexam website (use the link in your e-mail) & have a go at the tutorials and quizzes for the skeletal, muscular & cardio-respiratory systems Ensure all class work is complete

The Cardiovascular System Key Terms De-oxygenated blood Oxygenated blood Heart rate Pulse Backflow Key Terms Diastole Systole Cardiac cycle Blood pressure Stroke volume (SV) Cardiac output (Q)

The Cardiovascular System Watch My Pe Exam Clip ‘Cardiac Cycle’ Note down any points of interest Discuss your points with a partner Feedback to class

The Cardiovascular System The structure & function of the heart Label the diagram Complete the worksheet ‘The cardiac Cycle and the Pathway of Blood’

Home Learning… Revise the structure and function of the heart and the cardiac cycle for a test next lesson

The Cardiovascular System Complete card sort activity on the pathway of blood Use validators if struggling

The Cardiovascular System Make notes on the re-distribution of blood during exercise, pg 22

The Cardiovascular System TEST

My Pe Exam Big ‘Cardiac Sheet’ Home Learning… My Pe Exam Big ‘Cardiac Sheet’

Starter… Complete the ‘Cardiac Cycle’ card sort on your table as quickly as you can. Time your group Validate your answers

Jan 2017 - Housekeeping… Non-negotiables – re-visit, what are they? Exercise books – Starter (validate), Key Words (definition!!) and own notes (highlight, colour, mind maps & other strategies) WHY???? Folders – in order & with all worksheets Homework folder – transfer all to folder or stick in exercise book Absent – what do you need to do? My Pe Exam (again!!!)

HOME LEARNING = REVISION So what now? Read notes and comments in work and on post its inside cover of folder Put folder in order, most recent at the back!! Go through folder & check for missing worksheets using identified students & Mrs Edwards’ master folder Make sure you have definitions for ALL Key Terms Make sure that you have written notes on every topic covered – use of colour, select the most important, essential information, bullet points etc Complete all work/notes as fully as you can Write your name and e-mail address on sheet if you have not managed to successfully log on to My PE Exam. USE IT!!!!!!!! Revise HOME LEARNING = REVISION

Re-distribution of blood during exercise… Key Terms Vasoconstriction Vasodilation Cardiac output (Q), stroke volume (SV) and heart rate (HR) Make notes & copy the diagram from page 23

Why might this have happened to Chris O’Hare after a race? Use the textbooks to research your answer. Use as many relevant key terms as possible. Imagine that the arteries do not constrict and dilate, how would this have changed Chris’ performance? Tip: You may want to consider the digestive system

Home Learning… Revision – make use of My PE Exam Complete Q 10a and 10b pg 23 of text book with a partner (if you are struggling to complete this you can retrieve information on HR from your Practical Folder (upstairs cupboard outside the Girls Changing Room)

Effects of Aerobic & Anaerobic Exercise (immediate, short & long) Key Terms Aerobic exercise - low intensity, time to use the oxygen for energy production and can work for a long period of time. Intensity – the amount of energy required to complete an activity. Working at high intensity requires a large amount of energy, working at low intensity requires ? Energy. LEARN THE FORMULA Key Terms Anaerobic exercise – working for short periods of time at high intensity, without oxygen for energy production Lactic Acid – a mild poison, a waste product of anaerobic respiration Excess Post-exercise Oxygen consumption (EPOC = oxygen debt) = the amount of energy needed to recover after exercise. Characterised by increased breathing rate & deeper breathing after exercise LEARN THE FORMULA

Using your knowledge from our practical circuit training lessons Complete ‘The Short Term Effects of Exercise’ worksheet Remember we are learning about the immediate effects!