BRK3286 SQL Server 2016 High Availability and Disaster Recovery in private and hybrid cloud deployments Denny Cherry mrdenny@dcac.co

mrdenny@dcac.co www.dcac.co Denny Cherry @mrdenny

Agenda AlwaysOn Failover Clustering AlwaysOn Availability Groups 9/18/2018 9:46 PM Agenda Single Site Multiple Sites AlwaysOn Failover Clustering Single Sites On Premises and Azure AlwaysOn Availability Groups What's New for Availability Groups SQL Server 2016 © 2014 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

AlwaysOn Failover Cluster Instances (FCI)

SQL Server Cluster Configuration Built on top of Windows Failover Clustering Single set of database files Multiple instances configured to use these database files Only a Single instance can host the databases at once

Failover Cluster Instances (Single Instance) Windows Failover Cluster Cluster Virtual Name\InstanceName Node A Node B SQL Instance Shared Storage (SAN or SMB 3.0 Share)

Multi-instance Failover Cluster Windows Server Failover Cluster Node A Node B Node C Node D SQL Instance 3 SQL Instance 1 SQL Instance 2 Shared Storage (SAN or SMB 3.0 File Share)

Instance Requirements Each Instance is installed and managed separately Must be installed on each instance of the cluster Requires a separate network name and IP address Requires at least one clustered disk

Instances Redefined Instances are installed on multiple machines Multiple instances are configured Each single clustered instance has the same name Separate clustered instances have different names

Cluster Resource Dependencies Service name is dependent on Instance Name and Disk SQL Server Service Cluster Disk 1 InstanceName Instance Name is dependent on IP Address 10.1.0.6

SQL 2012 Clustering Enhancements Multi-Subnet Failover Support Easier support for Geo-Clusters Network Storage Support Simplifies use of commodity storage Windows Core Mode Installs Limit patch footprint TempDB on local disk Allows for use of PCI-E cards for TempDB

Multi-Subnet Failover Two different IP Addresses configured for SQL Only one comes online at a time using OR statements within SQL Server Uses network subnet configuration to determine IP to bring online

SQL 2014 Clustering Features Windows 2012 R2 Windows 10 Server SMB 3.0 Cluster Shared Volume Support

Clustering Without a SAN Windows 2016 Storage Spaces for shared storage Block storage replicates storage between all servers Works with all storage Physical Servers Virtual Machines Local Disks Virtual Disks Local SSD Drives

Clusters within VMs Hyper-V in Windows 2016 Introduces Shared VHD Allows multiple VMs to share VHD files Enables ability to cluster VMs under Hyper-V No 3rd party software required No iSCSI required

Failover Clustering in Azure Fully supported in Azure as of April 1st, 2015 Requires third party storage replication software Single instance per cluster Single instance per “Cloud Service” Requires using Internal Load Balancer

Always On Availability Groups

Concepts Hybrid Cloud Availability Group Listener Readable Secondaries Windows Server Failover Cluster Asynchronous Commit Availability Group Availability Databases Automatic Failover Hybrid Cloud Virtual Computer Object Listener Secondary Backups Availability Replicas Readable Secondaries

New Terms to Know Availability Group Listener Availability Databases Availability Groups Availability Replicas Availability Databases Availability Group Listener

AlwaysOn Availability Groups Windows Cluster Node A Node B Node C Instance 1 Instance 2 Instance 3 Availability Group Washington Chicago Listener Name (AD VCO)

Are AG’s Just Mirroring? Transaction Log Stream Uses encrypted Mirroring endpoint Secondary Replicas can be readable Automatic Failover for Synchronous

Availability Group Sizing SQL Server 2012 4 secondary replicas 2 Synchronous 4 Asynchronous SQL Server 2014 8 Secondary Replicas 8 Asynchronous SQL Server 2016 TBD

FCI + AGs Availability Groups can be built on top of FCIs Allows for additional redundancy at each site Limits Automatic Failover

Cross Support With Other Features FILESTREAM FileTable ColumnStore Indexes* Full Text Indexes Replication Publication Subscription Contained Databases Policy Based Management Maintenance Plans Auditing User Defined Server Roles Transparent Data Encryption SQL Service Broker

Hybrid Availability Group—What? Windows Server Failover Cluster (Same AD Domain) On-premises SQL Instance 1 SQL Instance 2

Deploy one or more secondary replicas for on-premise SQL Server TechReady 16 9/18/2018 What? Replicas continuously synchronize Deploy one or more secondary replicas for on-premise SQL Server Political considerations Latency At best region: West US, East US, East Asia, Southeast Asia, North Europe, West Europe VM and storage Low TCO © 2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Example of Availability Group spanning On-premises and Azure Node 1 Node 2 Node 3 AlwaysOn Availability Group ILB Listener VPN Appliance Azure Gateway

TechReady 16 9/18/2018 Why? An event can cause on-premises SQL Server to become unavailable Temporarily (e.g. gateway failure) A disaster recovery site is expensive Site rent + maintenance Hardware Ops Permanently (e.g. flooding) © 2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Provide additional benefits: TechReady 16 9/18/2018 Why? Integrated HA/DR Offload Read workloads to Azure Connect reporting/BI apps Migrate apps and run against local secondaries Offload Backups to Azure A solution for policy compliance Provide additional benefits: Same Windows Domain Needs an Active Directory Domain Controller Remember it requires: © 2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

SQL Server 2016 What’s New in Availability Groups

SQL 2016 AG Features Database Level Failover Trigger DTC Support Better Automatic Failover Support Log Transport Performance Load Balanced Readable Secondaries gMSA Support Distributed Availability Groups Availability Group Seeding Domainless AG Support

Database-Level Failover Trigger Database can go corrupt and AG will not failover AG Health (2012, 2014) monitored at instance level Offline database will change AG health Optional setting in 2016 to allow a database failure to trigger AG failover

Distributed Transaction Coordinator (DTC) Support Currently Distributed Transactions touching an AG database are not supported Many enterprise apps require cross database transactions Full Support for DTC in 2016 Requires OS patch to work cleanly

Log Transport Performance and Automatic Failover Targets 2012, 2014 supported only one automatic failover target 2016 supports any synchronous secondary (up to three total) Log Transport Performance Hardware enchancements (notably SSDs) have driven throughput higher Entire pipeline rewritten, lower CPU, better performance Performance aim is to match that of standalone server

Load Balancing in Readable Secondaries In 2014, reads went to first available secondary Now you can configure routing to use round-robin amongst secondaries Client1 Client 2 Client 3 Client 4 Client 5 Availability Group Listener AG1 AG2 AG3 AG4

Group Managed Service Accounts Introduced in Windows 2012 Supported in SQL 2014* Now in 2016 for AGs

Group Managed Service Accounts

Distributed Availability Groups Allows one AG to treat a second AG as a secondary replica Allows AGs to cross Windows Clusters Great for minimizing network traffic across WAN between HA and DR Migrations between environments

Distributed Availability Groups

Replica Seeding Restores databases to AG replica without backup and restore Feeds database across network independent of backup and restore process Doesn’t require full or log backup Doesn’t break log backup chain

Availability Groups in Standard Edition

Standard Edition AGs Two Nodes Only One Database per AG No Readable Secondaries No Backup on Secondaries DB Snapshots Available Effectively Database Mirroring—with enchancements

When To Choose Which?

Failover Cluster Vendor doesn’t support AGs Shared Storage Requirement Older version of SQL Server No requirement for readable secondary replicas Multi-database distributed transactions

Availability Groups No Shared Storage Readable secondary replicas Easy to configure DR No storage replication option for DR

Summary Understand your business need before designing a HA and DR strategy DR is just like buying insurance—you don’t need it until you do. Lots of good options for HA and DR in SQL Server for many price points Always have a plan!

Download SQL Server 2016 and work with some of these features What’s Next? Download SQL Server 2016 and work with some of these features Deploy the SQL Server 2016 Availability Group template in Azure and explore Come talk to the SQL Server product team and MVPs in the Data Platform Booth

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9/18/2018 9:46 PM © 2014 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.