Medieval Art 5c-15c The Middle Ages followed the fall of the Roman Empire in the 5th century and merged into the Renaissance. WATCH ME! Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights.

Characteristics of Medieval Art Rich colors Heavily outlined Flat and stiff figures showing no depth Religious Icons Architecture is influenced by Greek and Roman – Byzantine, Romanesque and Gothic styles emerged from this period. Mosaics replaced carved decoration Large Domes central to the church

Medieval Churches & Monestaries Romanesque structures featured round arches and heavy thick walls, small windows like the Roman style (necessary so the windows do not weaken the structure). A lot of sculptural decorations. Gothic structures featured pointed arches and have slender feel as if they soar upward (to Heaven), large stained glass windows filtered in light and color. Byzantine structures featured large Domes that cover soaring spaces, arches and lavish decoration. Watch the video by clicking the link below: Difference between Romanesque and Gothic Artchitecture Video

Gothic – St. Patricks, NYC Romanesque –St. Vitale, Revenna, Italy Byzantine Hagia Sofia, (eye-ya SO-fia)Turkey & St. Catherines Monestary, Egypt Gothic – St. Patricks, NYC Romanesque –St. Vitale, Revenna, Italy

Early Middle Ages 5th century– 10c Also called the “Dark Ages” Characterized by decline in population, culture, trade, architectural and technological advances. Christianization “age of Faith” influenced art and architecture Monasteries and churches grew in number, size and political importance Focus on Europe - Romanesque Architecture – 6c -10c

Romanesque Architecture

Romanesque Architecture -Thick walls -Semi circular Arches -Heavy in visual weight Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights. San Vitale Ravenna, Italy 526-547

Romanesque Architecture St. Sernin facade

High Middle Ages 10th -13th century (c.1001-1300) Rapidly increasing population = boost in economy and political organization The Rise of Knighthood, Templar Knights … The Crusades –control of the Holy Land Produced many forms of artistic works Most notable - Gothic Architecture

Gothic Art/ Height and Light 1200-1500 The Gothic Cathedral Medieval architecture’s greatest triumph The solid, heavy Romanesque structures were replaced with structures of lightness and grace

Glass Window from Troyes Cathedral, Troyes, France - 1200

First to use Flying Buttresses (Arched exterior support system to accommodate higher and thinner walls) Famous for the use of water spouts, or gargoyles The “rose window” contains symbolism – center is blessed virgin mary and child who are surrounded by prophets and saints.

Flying buttresses Flying buttresses are arm like stone beams.

One of the finest examples of gothic architecture and most well known churches in the world – Notre Dame de Paris

Byzantine Empire aka Early Christian Art 3c - 1453 Byzantine Empire – capital city of Constantinople (modern day Turkey) Series of Monasteries were built on various sites sacred to religious events Most prosperous and powerful empire in the world (which fell to the Ottoman…and the Byz art and culture disappeared) Architecture has some Near Eastern influence Byzantine Art Mostly Religious Icons Used Ivory and Gold to show the strength and power of the empire Click the link below: How the Religious Icons were made in 2 MINUTES!

Hagia Sophia Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights. ***Known as one of the grandest examples of Byzantine Architecture.

Watch the video by clicking the link below: Rick Steven's Hagia Sophia Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights. A view of the DOME Hagia Sophia Constantinpole, (Istanbul), Turkey 532-537

6th or 7th century Icon of Jesus and an abbot shares in the anti-realist style of Byzantine iconic art, Monastery of Saint Catherine, Mount Sinai, Egypt

The Enthroned Virgin and Child with Saints and Angels, 6th century, perhaps the earliest iconic image of the subject to survive at Monastery of Saint Catherine, Mount Sinai, Egypt

Christ the Savior (Pantokrator), a 6th-century encaustic icon

Christ as Savior of Souls, Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY For publication, reproduction or transmission of images, please contact individual artists, estates, photographers and exhibiting institutions for permissions and rights. Christ as Savior of Souls, early 14th century tempera, linen and silver on wood 3 ft. 1/4 in. x 2 ft. 2 1/2 in.

Other Byzantine Art St. Catherine Wall Painting, Icon with the Virgin and Child, carved mid–10th–11th century Byzantine; Probably made in Constantinople Ivory; 9 3/16 x 2 3/4 x 1/2 in St. Catherine Wall Painting, Chapel of St. Nicholas, Pendali, Greece, 12c

This ICON is believed to have originated in Tuscany c This ICON is believed to have originated in Tuscany c. 1300, and influenced a wide number of paintings from the following century as well as Florentine sculptures from the 1440–1450s. This version was in turn widely copied across Italy and northern Europe during the 14th and 15th centuries – THIS WORK SERVED AS A BRIDGE FROM BYZANTINE TO EARLY RENAISSANCE

Review Characteristics of Medieval and Byzantine Art Rich colors Heavily outlined Flat and stiff figures showing no depth Religious Icons Architecture is influenced by Greek and Roman - Romanesque and Gothic Mosaics replaced carved decoration Large Domes central to the church