Ch. 8: Plant life histories

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Presentation transcript:

Ch. 8: Plant life histories University of Siena Italy 2008

Ch. 8: Plant life histories

Choices: when reproduce? Perennials Some monocarpic: 1 reproductive event @ end Advantages?

Monocarpic perennials Century plants (Agave): U.S. & Mexico deserts Clonal: ramets make huge inflorescences Tony Danza!! Baja California, Mexico

Monocarpic perennials Advantages: 2) predator satiation Many seeds: predators

Monocarpic perennials Ex, some bamboos Phyllostachys bambusoides: blooms every 120 yrs (not cued by environment) Seeds

Monocarpic perennials Giant Panda angle: eats bamboo Pop’ns fragmented Danza as panda

Monocarpic perennials 1970s: 3 major spp. flowered Pandas starved (population declined 14%) Caused??

Monocarpic perennials Recall ………….(Lab #1)

Monocarpic perennials Recall Arundinaria gigantea Native bamboo: flowering irregular Most reprod. clonal

Mast years Advantages: predator satiation “Mast years:” some trees Pines, oaks, hickories, etc. Relative cone production Scots Pine

Mast years “Mast years” (some trees) Pines, oaks, hickories, etc. Squirrels Scots Pine Relative cone production

Life history strategies: Classification r-selected vs K-selected sp. Strategies “chosen” “choice”……

Life history strategies: Classification r-selected vs K-selected sp. r-selected: for Emph. K-selected: for “K”

r/K system r/K for plants

r/K system Benefit: Drawback:

CSR system CSR system for plants (by Grime) 3 allocation “choices”

CSR system Economic analogy Supply Process Product Profit

CSR system 3 main strategies Competitive: allocate Ruderal: allocate Stress-tolerant: allocate

CSR system Ex. features

CSR system Habitats Competitive sp.: resources Ruderal sp.: resources Stress-tolerant sp.: resources

CSR system Habitats Missing:

Triangle diagrams Plot spp. in 2D space: Extremes @ corners Less relative r/K

Triangle diagrams Exs: Diamorpha smallii Cladonia subtenuis Polytrichum commune

Applied Life History Traits Nonnative invasive weed Nonnative: Weed: Invasive: 1)

Applied Life History Traits Nonnative invasives: major conservation problem Invasive species (plant & animal):

Applied Life History Traits Nonnative invasive weed Local ex: privet (Ligustrum spp.)

Applied Life History Traits Cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica). Native SE Asia

Applied Life History Traits Which become invasive? Ex, woody invasive life history traits Vegetative

Ch. 9: Community Properties and Mechanisms