Existentialism Nihilism Absurdism

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Presentation transcript:

Existentialism Nihilism Absurdism The Stranger Existentialism Nihilism Absurdism

Existentialism

Existentialism “Existence Precedes Reality” - Sartre No inherent meaning to life Each individual creates their own meaning based on their actions Meaning cannot be defined by any pre- framed entity Historical Cultural Religious Philosophical

Nihilism

Nihilism Existential Nihilism The world is without meaning or purpose All actions are senseless Out, out, brief candle! Life’s but a walking shadow, a poor player That struts and frets his hour upon the stage And then is heard no more; it is a tale Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, Signifying nothing. (Macbeth, Act 5 Scene 5)

Absurdism

Absurdism Founded by Albert Camus There is no rational purpose to life Life is like Sisyphus Life is random and arbitrary However, to escape this reality, we can revolt/rebel against institutions and mortality, accept life’s Absurdity, and experience the pleasures/beauty of life

Albert Camus Rejected the label of Existentialist Harshly criticized Nihilism (and Communism) Absurdism was his “compromise” to Existentialism, since he does not believe anyone can have even a personal meaning

Focus Questions What evidence suggests Meursault is at one point a Nihilist? What diction does Camus use to show his displeasure with Meursault’s Nihilism? At what moment does Meursault develop to an Existential or Absurd character? What causes this shift in his point of view?