Animal Production Food Safety: the role of the OIE High level forum on food safety Beijing, 26-27 November 2007 Willem Droppers Chargé de Mission

Role and mandate of the OIE Animal production food safety work program Future priorities

SOME KEY FACTS Established in 1924: 172 Members Intergovernmental organisation – predates the UN Permanent Regional Representations: Bamako (Mali), Buenos Aires (Argentina), Tokyo (Japan), Sofia (Bulgaria) and Beirut (Lebanon) Sub-regional Offices: Bangkok (Thailand), Gaborone (Botswana), Panama, Brussels (Belgium) Regional Commissions: Africa, America, Asia-Pacific, Europe and Middle East 50 13 29 Go through OIE objectives that are related to the subject of this conference Guarantee the transparancy of the world zoosanitary information To encourage international solidarity in the control of animal diseases : avian influenza does not need a passport To provide healt standards for international trade: to give the CVO’ s recommendations on the trade of animals and animal products in case of an outbreak of one of the listed diseases. This will provide unjustified trade barriers, lead to fairer trade and is of benefit for the developing countries. Provide a better guarantee of the safety of food of animal origin. 52 28

OIE's standard setting mandate WTO SPS Agreement recognises OIE as a reference organisation for international standards (one of the “ 3 sisters”) The WTO Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS Agreement)

OIE's WTO mandate Standard-setting organisations CODEX IPPC OIE food safety CODEX plant health IPPC animal health and zoonoses OIE Codex = Codex Alimentarius Commission (FAO/WHO) OIE = World Organisation for Animal Health IPPC = International Plant Protection Convention (FAO) The WTO Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS Agreement) .

Why OIE standards necessary safety of international trade transparency in reporting diseases harmonisation of national legislation and control measures fewer unjustified trade restrictions promote fairer trade benefits developing countries International Public Good!

OIE Standards sanitary measures to be used by veterinary or other competent authorities faced with animal diseases including zoonoses health regulations, including surveillance guidelines, to prevent importations of pathogens, including those transmissible to humans, while avoiding unjustified sanitary barriers diagnostic methods to be used by laboratories OIE standards help in controlling animal diseases and zoonoses world wide

OIE International Standards Terrestrial Animal Health Code – mammals, birds and bees available on the OIE Website (www.oie.int) Aquatic Animal Health Code – fish, molluscs and crustaceans Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals

Animal Production Food Safety OIE objective to reduce food borne risks to human health by preventing, eliminating or controlling hazards arising from animals ...... Animal Production Food Safety Working Group........ Control and/or reduction of hazards of public health and animal health importance at level of production and by ante- and post-mortem inspection is a core responsibility of Veterinary Services. Governments are increasing resources to protect public health against food-borne diseases of animal origin. Globalization of trade in food is resulting in increased attention to biosecurity and the potential for transmission of animal pathogens via food. 60% of human pathogens are zoonotic 80% of animal pathogens are multi-host 75% of emerging diseases are zoonotic Worldwide 2 million people die from diarrhea caused by contaminated food and water each year Historically, Veterinary Services have focused on animal disease control and export certification Veterinary Public Health is not well addressed by Veterinary Services or Veterinary Curriculum Food Safety aspects have often been dealt with by other Agencies, and even other Ministries Food-borne disease is generally recognized as an important public health problem and an important cause of decreased economic productivity in both developed and developing countries. 3rd OIE Strategic Plan for 2001-2005 recommended that "OIE should be more active in the area of public health and consumer protection," and noted that this should include "zoonoses and diseases transmissible to humans through food, whether or not animals are affected by such diseases", with the object of improving the "production to consumption" food safety continuum worldwide. The recently adopted 4th OIE Strategic Plan continues this mandate recommending that the Working Group "continue to work with other relevant organisations, especially the Codex Alimentarius Commission, in reducing foodborne risks to human health due to hazards arising from animals".

APFS Working Group Terms of reference to consider food-borne hazards arising from animals before slaughter and before processing of the product ...primary focus is on food safety measures applicable at the farm level ...work programme takes into account food safety priorities and work of relevant international organisations, especially Codex The Working group acts as a steering committe on food safety for OIE.

APFSWG work programme recommendations on food borne zoonoses antimicrobial resistance animal identification and traceability defining the role and functions of VS in food safety guide to good farming practices recommendations on animal feeding model certificates

OIE - Codex cooperation to ensure ”seamless” standards: ”from farm gate to plate” to avoid gaps and duplication in the development of standards cooperation also within countries OIE – Codex cooperation

Antimicrobial Resistance Existing OIE standards harmonisation of national surveillance and monitoring programmes monitoring use of antimicrobials in animal husbandry responsible and prudent use of antimicrobials in veterinary medicine risk assessment on use of antimicrobials in animals

Antimicrobial Resistance Ongoing work OIE/FAO/WHO expert meetings OIE ad hoc Group on AMR Codex Intergovernmental Task Force on AMR, hosted by Korea. 23-26 october 2007

Guide to good farming practice joint OIE/FAO publication for Competent Authorities (CA) and stakeholders, especially producers to complement the responsibilities of the CA at the farm level

Veterinary Services: role and functions in food safety a guidance document ..to assist in providing effective linkages between animal health and public health functions.. Veterinary Services’ activities associated with meat production systems extend beyond public and animal health, ensuring adequate animal welfare and preventing degradation of the environment by contamination with animal wastes and animal products. Collaboration and interdependence between public health and animal health authorities at a national, regional and international level are crucial in the control of the food safety risks of today, but more importantly, they are essential for confronting the emerging food-borne diseases of the future.

Veterinary Certification collaboration with Codex on combined certificates for animal products. OIE ad hoc Group reviews current OIE model veterinary certificates takes account of Codex and UN-CEFACT work in this area and ensuring compatibility with electronic certification systems Cooperation with CCIFICS. UN-CEFACT = United Nations Centre for Trade Facilitation and Electronic Business

Veterinary Public Health Appendix to the OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code (2006) “Guidelines on the control of biological hazards of animal health and public health importance through ante- and post-mortem meat inspection” Link with CCMH. The collaboration between authorities responsible for public and animal health must also occur at national levels. The duality of objectives at ante- and post-mortem inspection is just one of the areas for integration and collaboration. The public and animal health risks associated with animals at slaughter vary significantly in different regions and husbandry systems, therefore the ante- and post-mortem inspection must be tailored to each individual situation and designed according to a risk-based approach. Veterinary Services’ ante- and post-mortem inspection include: Risk assessment Establishment of policies and measures Design and management of inspection programs to deliver public and animal health objectives Assurance and certification of appropriate delivery Dissemination of information throughout the chain Notification of presence of notifiable diseases Conformity with WTO obligations Risk-based approaches to meat-borne risks to human health are demonstrating that unseen microbiological contaminants, rather than grossly-apparent abnormalities at ante- and post mortem inspection are the most important source of hazards. This has led to combat these hazards through HACCP systems, Veterinary involvement in risk assessment associated with ante- and post- mortem inspection is essential. Institutional approaches that bridge public and animal health sectors at national level replace traditional focus on regulating individual production systems, shifting to one of ensuring confidence overall regulatory frameworks at all levels Risk-based approaches to zoonoses is will illustrated in the OIE Chapter on BSE. Surveillance and mitigation strategies should be determined by, and be commensurate with the outcome of a risk assessment.

Bovine tuberculosis and brucellosis food safety aspects are addressed in Code articles on meat and milk, ......references to Codex Codes of Hygienic Practice updating chapters on brucellosis and tuberculosis is ongoing Actually only Bovine tuberculosis deals with food safety aspects. Ante- and post-mortem meat inspection can be used as surveillance system for Bovine tuberculosis.

Animal identification and traceability Comments (with copyright) / Commentaires (soumis au Copyright) :

Animal identification and traceability general principles are in the Code ......with references to relevant Codex texts OIE ad hoc Group defining objectives and outcomes rather than prescribing specific standards ......Codex Principles for Traceability/Product Tracing ..... makes reference to OIE texts in 2009 Joint OIE / Codex conference in Buenos Aires The health status of the farm of origin and the husbandry of the animals has a significant effect on the safety and wholesomeness of the meat and should therefore influence the ante- and post- mortem inspection. Adequate animal identification and record keeping systems are essential

Animal feed OIE ad hoc Group OIE guidelines will be complementary to Codex guidelines general principles will be developed first ........then specific recommendations on commercial and on farm feed production systems

Salmonellosis OIE ad hoc Group Code chapter on on-farm methods for detection, control and prevention of Salmonella Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium in laying hens ....taking account of other international standards (Codex) and risk assessments

Ongoing work of the OIE antimicrobial resistance animal feeding salmonellosis in broilers food borne zoonoses terrorism involving the food supply preventing fraud in international trade International Conference on Animal identification and traceability - Buenso Aires 2009

Thank you for your attention

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