The European GNSS Programmes EGNOS and Galileo Philippe HAMET – European Commission Hyderabad 21 January 2011

European GNSS Programmes Europe’s venture into satellite navigation consists of two systems: EGNOS Non-autonomous infrastructure Improves GPS performance Coverage of European countries 3 services but mainly designed for aviation users (Safety-of-Life Service) Galileo Fully autonomous infrastructure Performances similar to those of GPS Global coverage 5 Services ‘It’s there, use it’ Navigation solutions powered by Europe 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

‘It’s there, use it’ 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

EGNOS System Architecture and Service Area 6 Navigation Land Earth Stations 34 Ranging & Integrity Monitoring Stations (RIMS) GPS signals EGNOS Service Area 2 Support Facilities 3 GEO Satellites 4 Mission Control Centres The European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS) is Europe’s first venture into satellite navigation. It augments the two military satellite navigation systems now operating, the US GPS and Russian GLONASS systems, and makes them suitable for safety critical applications such as flying aircraft or navigating ships through narrow channels.   Consisting of three geostationary satellites and a network of ground stations, EGNOS achieves its aim by transmitting a signal containing information on the reliability and accuracy of the positioning signals sent out by the Global Positioning System (GPS) and the Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS). It allows users in Europe and beyond to determine their position to within 2 metres, compared with about 20 metres for GPS and GLONASS alone. EGNOS Satellite Footprints 3 Geostationary satellites INMARSAT 3F2 AOR-E (15.5°W) ARTEMIS (21.3°E) INMARSAT 4F2 Soon to be replaced by ASTRA SIRIUS 5 ASTRA 5B 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

EGNOS will deliver its services on a long-term basis (>20 years) EGNOS Services EGNOS will deliver its services on a long-term basis (>20 years) Service Characteristics Service Status Open Service accuracy ~1m, free available since October 2009 Safety of Life Service accuracy ~1m, compliant to aviation standards to be made available beginning of 2011 Commercial Service (EDAS) accuracy <1m, corrections are provided by terrestrial networks experimental service since 2008; official service to be made available in 2011 EDAS … EGNOS Data Access Server 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

The EGNOS commercial service (EDAS) will be made available in 2011 EGNOS Services – EDAS The EGNOS commercial service (EDAS) will be made available in 2011 EGNOS Data Access Server - EDAS EGNOS data (real-time): RIMS raw observations SBAS messages Value-added service provider User-specific information Phase 1 “prototyping”: Beta test users Freely available to all, after registration Service Definition phase Experimental service since 2008 Phase 2: Service Provision (in 2011) End users 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

EGNOS Performance (June 2010) The deployment of additional RIMS in Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, Northern Africa and the Middle East will increase the availability area of APV-1 APV … Approach with vertical guidance 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

EGNOS Extensions Southern Europe/MEDA Middle-East Eastern Europe Depending on the extension area, technical implementation may vary from: Homogeneous extension with deployment of additional RIMS Regional infrastructure including additional processing capabilities 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

EGNOS Programme Status EGNOS has entered into its operational phase 2009 Assets were transferred to the European Union on 1 April Long-term service provision contract was signed on 30 September Open Service declaration took place on 1 October Procurement to replace the transponder on Artemis is finalized (Astra Sirius 5 to be launched in November 2011) Procurement to replace the transponder on Inmarsat 4F2 is finalized (Astra 5B to be launched in June 2013) Geographical extension is under study 2010 Certification of ESSP as air navigation services provider on 12 July 2011 Safety-of-Life Service declaration planned for beginning of 2011 Commercial Service declaration (EDAS) planned for 2011 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

Navigation solutions powered by Europe 19 September, 2018 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes The European GNSS Programmes 10

Galileo Implementation Plan Full Operational Capability All services, 30 satellites 2016/2017 In order for Galileo to be recognized by the downstream market as the second satellite navigation system of choice it is key to deliver early services as soon as 2014/2015 Initial Operational Capability Early Services for OS, SAR, PRS 18 satellites 2014/2015 In-Orbit Validation 4 IOV satellites plus ground segment 2011 Galileo System Testbed v2 2 initial test satellites 2005 GSTB V1 objectives GPS measurements collected world-wide by a network of stations and processed off-line to verify GALILEO Timing, Navigation and Integrity concepts Successful completion in December 2004 with the provision of validated prototype algorithms and models to the Ground Mission Segment IOV Phase CDE1 Contract GSTB V2 objectives Experimental GALILEO Satellite programme Precursor of the IOV Phase Securing GALILEO filings and validating on-board technology in the MEO radiation environment IOV Objectives Verification of all space, ground and user components, including their interfaces, prior to full system deployment Analysis of system performance with the view to refine the FOC system prior to full system deployment Verification of the adequacy of the siting requirements Verification of Navigation Processing Verification of integrity processing regarding the establishment of SISA and IF confidence levels, characterisation of feared events and TTA analysis UERE budget characterisation Deployment risk reduction Verification of operational procedures FOC Galileo System Testbed v1 Validation of critical algorithms 2003 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

Galileo Services Galileo will be offering five services Open Service Free to air, mass market, simple positioning Commercial Service Encrypted, high accuracy, added-value service Safety of Life Service Adds integrity to Open Service Public Regulated Service Encrypted, robust, continuous availability Search and Rescue Service Near real-time, precise, return link 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

Galileo Performance Requirements (Dual frequency) The Galileo Open Service will offer an accuracy better than 4 metres (horizontal) Service Horizontal Accuracy (95%) (incl. system margins) Vertical Accuracy (95%) Availability for global coverage Integrity Open Service 4 m 8 m > 99.5% NO Commercial Service Detailed performance requirements under elaboration Safety of Life Service YES (LPV200) Public Regulated Service Please note: Currently the HLD still specifies for the PRS a horiz. accuracy of 6 m and a vertical accuracy of 12 m. However, this will be corrected to 4 and 8 respectively once the document is updated. Note: Guaranteed performance in the worst case situation. Actual measured performance is expected to be higher than these requirements 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

Galileo System Architecture 9 Mission uplink stations 5 TT&C stations Constellation of 30 MEO satellites Users & service providers European control centres 30-40 Galileo sensor stations 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

Galileo Phases Overview IOV IOC* FOC Satellites 4 18 30 Control Centres ½ + ½ 2 2+1 Mission Uplink Stations 5 6 9 TT&C Stations 3 Sensor Stations 17 24 30-40 ESA will launch the first four operational satellites using two separate launchers. The first two satellites will be placed in the first orbital plane and the second in the second orbital plane. These four satellites, plus part of the ground segment, will then be used to validate the Galileo system as a whole, using advanced system simulators. Then, the next two satellites will be launched into the third orbital plane.   Once the Galileo system has been validated, the final stage will be to build up the rest of the constellation by completing it on all its three orbital planes. This will then require several launches with Ariane-5 or Soyuz from the Europe’s Space Port in French Guyana. Galileo will then be fully operational, providing its services to a wide variety of users throughout the world.   IOV = In Orbit Validation, IOC = Initial Operational Capability, FOC = Full Operational Capability * values for IOC are to be confirmed 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

Galileo IOC Phase Early Galileo services will already bring significant added value to GNSS users Expected service performance levels for a Galileo constellation of 18 versus 30 satellites Initial operational capability (IOC) Full operational capability (FOC) Number of satellites 18 30 Galileo open service (OS) + GPS Partially enhanced GPS service Fully enhanced GPS+OS service Galileo open service (OS) standalone Partial performance Full performance Search and rescue service (SAR) Commercial service (CS) Beta test possible Safety of life service (SOL) To be defined Public regulated service (PRS) 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

Galileo FOC Ground Segment Sites IOV contracts/ATP GSS Under FOC procurement GSS + ULS FOC contract awarded GSS + ULS + TTC Svalbard Kiruna Wainwright Redu StPierre&M. Fucino USNO Az/Can S.Korea Hawaii Riyadh Kourou Ascencion Réunion Papeete Noumea Easter Island Cordoba South Africa Hartebeesthoek Perth Kerguelen Troll Note: other potential sites are under consideration for FOC, incl. Falklands, Terre Adélie, Jan Mayen, Reykjavik, Diego Garcia, Guam 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

Galileo FOC Procurement Work Package Shortlisted Candidates/Winners 1. System Support Winner: ThalesAleniaSpace (IT) 2. Ground Mission Segment ThalesAleniaSpace (FR) 3. Ground Control Segment Astrium (UK) 4. Space Segment Winner work order 1: OHB System (DE) Candidates for the following work order: OHB System (DE ) EADS-Astrium (DE) 5. Launch Services Winner: Arianespace (FR) 6. Operations OPAL (DE+IT) 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

Applications 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

Supporting the markets The EC released its Applications Action Plan in June 2010, with 24 action points to help the industry reap the benefits of new and improved satellite navigation applications 6 priority domains were identified : individual handsets and mobile phones road transport aviation maritime transport precision agriculture and environment protection civil protection and surveillance 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

An example : Applications for road transport Close to 20% of the global GNSS market in revenue Examples : Road-user charging Fleet management Automatic in-vehicle emergency call system (eCall) Accident reconstruction Anti-theft systems Actions from the Commission : Contract with road stakeholders to perform tests Optimisation of EU legislation regarding the transport of dangerous goods and the use of chronotachograph systems Coordination of the establishment of a European certification body for Advance Driver Assistance Systems Funding of R&D projects 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

R&D and innovation activities Inside the frame of the European 7th and 8th Framework Programmes for Research and Development and the 1st and 2nd Competitiveness and Innovation Programmes FP7 activites : Receivers development Development of new applications International cooperation Studies for specific components and services CIP activities Awareness raising Support to innovation by SMEs 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

Thank you for your attention 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

EGNOS Additional Slides 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

EGNOS Evolutions In the long-term, further coverage extensions and service evolutions will be considered Service Provision Improvements ► short/medium term Coverage Evolution Eastern Europe, Southern Europe/MEDA, Middle East/ACAC ► medium term Africa ► medium/long term Frequency Evolution Extension to the E5a/E5b frequency decided on ARTEMIS replacement Evolution of Standards ► long term Standardisation of E5a and E5b, L1 CBOC on-going Augmentation of new GNSS Additional Services LPV200 service level ► medium term (2011) EGNOS capability to meet this service level currently under technical evaluation EGNOS time service ► medium term Possible critical communication message (ALIVE concept) 19 September, 2018 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes The European GNSS Programmes 25

EGNOS organisation European Commission Programme Management ESA GNSS Delegation Agreement Service Contract Service Contract ESA GNSS Evolution Programme R & D And Techno ESA Design Agent + Procurement of Infrastructure Evolutions ESSP Service Provision & Operations Maintenance SES- ASTRA GEO1 Nov 2011 SES- ASTRA GEO2 June 2013 1 GEO 1 GEO GEO Artemis 1 GEO Thales F MCCs Sites Inmarsat BT Thales F 3 GEOs 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

EGNOS Improvement on Precision GPS D-GPS SBAS (EGNOS) 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

Aviation first to recognize EGNOS benefits (mostly GA and small-medium airports) EGNOS enables a reduction in the decision height EGNOS competitive space General operational benefits Reduction in angle of approach (direct and curved) Better lateral guidance Allows for IFR-like operation in non ILS-equipped airports Increase in airports capacity Increase in safety Increase in flight capability (e.g. helicopters) Expensive land based navaids can be avoided Enables their long term decommissioning => lower terminal charges NPA: Non Precision Approach LNAV: Lateral NAVigation VNAV: Vertical NAVigation LPV: Lateral Precision with Vertical guidance GLS: GNSS Landing System CAT II: Category 2 Precision Approach CAT III: Category 3 Precision Approach Long-term 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

EGNOS verification and ESSP certification EGNOS was verified and ESSP was certified on 12 July 2010 by the French air navigation authorities EGNOS was verified based on a clear demonstration that it is designed and operated in a safe manner ESSP was certified based on the Single European Sky Regulatory package: Interoperability Regulation (EC No 552/2004) Service Provision Regulation (EC No 550/2004) – Provision of air navigation services in the Single European Sky Commission Regulation (EC No 2096/2005) – ANSP certification process Safety Oversight Regulation (EC No1315/2007) 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

EGNOS procedures developed or in development Already 35 procedures, more planned and commitments to follow ICAO’s recommendation for 100% coverage Spain : 14 procedures at San Sebastian, Valencia, Almeria, Granada, Salamanca, Malaga, La Palma, Cuatro Vientos, Cordoba, Santander Germany : 1 procedure at Donauwörth Heliport; further procedures planned Italy : 2 procedures at Çanakkale and Perugia; further procedures planned for Bari, Bologna, Palermo and Venezia France : 8 procedures at Pau, Toulouse, Clermont Ferrand, Le Bourget, Toussus, Albert Bray, Bordeaux and Marseille Heliport; objective to cover 100% of the instrumental runways by end 2016 UK : 5 procedures at Alderney, Southampton, Campbeltown, Benbecula and Barra Switzerland : 3 procedures at Berne Heliport, Les Eplatures, St-Gallen-Altenrhein Poland : 2 procedures planned at Mielec and Katowice 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

Worldwide SBAS Coverage WAAS EGNOS MSAS SDCM GAGAN Source: Stanford University 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

EGNOS RIMS Locations The European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS) is Europe’s first venture into satellite navigation. It augments the two military satellite navigation systems now operating, the US GPS and Russian GLONASS systems, and makes them suitable for safety critical applications such as flying aircraft or navigating ships through narrow channels.   Consisting of three geostationary satellites and a network of ground stations, EGNOS achieves its aim by transmitting a signal containing information on the reliability and accuracy of the positioning signals sent out by the Global Positioning System (GPS) and the Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS). It allows users in Europe and beyond to determine their position to within 2 metres, compared with about 20 metres for GPS and GLONASS alone. RIMS … Ranging & Integrity Monitoring Stations (some additional RIMS are not in view) 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

Galileo Additional Slides 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

GNSS Compatibility and Interoperability E5a E5 E5b E6 L1 L5 L1 L3 CDMA ? L5 LEX (E6) L1 E5b E6 L1 COMPASS IRNSS 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

Galileo Space Segment Semi major axis 29600 km Inclination 56 deg Period: 14 hr 22 min Ground track repeat about 10 days Orbit Graveyard at MEO +300km 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

Galileo Services Service Benefits Targeted User Group Availability Open Service Single Frequency Additional satellites for better multi- system coverage (e.g., deep urban) Coding and modulation advances for increased sensitivity and multi- path mitigation Pilot signal for fast acquisition Low end mass market (e.g., LBS, outdoor) Open Double Frequency As above + increased accuracy with 2nd frequency High end mass market (e.g., car navigation, maritime) Commercial Service Increased accuracy using additional frequencies and signals Additional features under investigation (e.g., data rate capacity) Professional markets (e.g., surveying, precision agriculture) Commercial basis The table presents the 5 Galileo services 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

Galileo Services Service Benefits Targeted User Group Availability Safety of Life Service Single Frequency (Level B) As Open Service plus Integrity and authentication of signal Continuity and service guaranty Aviation (en route) Open Double Frequency (Level A and C) As above at higher performance levels suitable for stringent dynamic conditions Aviation (A) Maritime (C) Road, Train (A) Public Regulated Service Dual Frequency High Continuity (in times of crisis) Improved Robustness (vs jamming, spoofing) Professional markets (e.g., surveying, precision agriculture) Certified receivers Search and Rescue Single Frequency Almost instantaneous reception of emergency calls Exact positioning of emergency beacon Emergencies Certified and registered beacons The table presents the 5 Galileo services 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

The GNSS market 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

GNSS Market GNSS Value Chain 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

GNSS Market The worldwide “GNSS-enabled” market size for civil applications will be around €236 billions in 2025 per year Time 2025 €236 billion 2009 €140 billion 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

Individual handsets and mobile phones (LBS) 52% of the global GNSS market in revenue Examples : Guiding people in unknown cities Guiding blind people or people with reduced mobility Monitoring children, monitoring people with Alzheimer disease Location-based advertising Real-time information on local public transport Actions from the Commission : Industrial cooperation with GNSS-owner countries Cooperation with receiver manufacturers Funding of R&D projects Toolkit for smartphone application developers 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

Applications for aviation The Commission will soon provide the EGNOS safety-of-Life Service for aviation : safer en-route navigation safer landings at airports not equipped with ground-based navigation aids low-cost alternative to ground-based navigation aids (ILS CATI) increased airports capacity less delays, diversions and cancellations lower fuel consumption lower noise levels 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

Applications for maritime transport Examples : Track control Ship-to-ship coordination Port approach and navigation Ship-to-shore coordination Calamity abatement Actions from the Commission : Search-And-Rescue Service of Galileo Funding of R&D projects 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

Applications for precision agriculture Examples : Automatic steering guidance Variable rate application of fertilisers and herbicides Virtual fencing for livestock Unique land parcel identification for food traceability Field measurement in the context of the Common Agriculture Policy Actions from the Commission : Optimisation of the CAP rules Funding of R&D projects 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes

Applications for civil protection and surveillance Examples : All relief operations where precise localisation is key Hazard maps Actions from the Commission : Leveraging synergies between EGNOS/Galileo and GMES Funding of R&D projects 19 September, 2018 The European GNSS Programmes