Part I: Communities and Populations Part II: Energy and Matter Unit 2: Ecology Review Part I: Communities and Populations Part II: Energy and Matter

Journal 2-1: Interactions in the World around Us Levels of organization Population Community Ecosystem Biome Biosphere Biotic factors Abiotic factors Types of Interactions

Community Ecology Notes Habitat vs. Niche Competition Predator-Prey Symbiotic interactions Mutualism Parasitism Commensalism What’s going on here?!

Journal 2-2: Fish Kill Mystery Ecological mysteries involve many interactions Biotic possibility Interruption of the food chain Abiotic possibility Acid rain directly kills the fish Biotic-Abiotic combined possibilities Acid rain interrupts the food chain Eutrophication Journal 2-3: Fish Kill Mystery solved Parasite thrives due to eutrophication and kills fish

Lab 2-1: Fish Kill pH Lab pH – scale of acidity Effect of pH on water organisms Daphnia and Gammerus require specific environmental conditions to survive

Lab 2-2: Exploring Pond Life Light Microscopes Observations of organisms that are found in Ponds

Population Ecology Notes Abiotic and Biotic factors effect population growth Limiting factors Carrying capacity S-shaped curve, J-shaped curve

Journal 2-4: Mystery on Easter Island Real world example of Population Ecology Limiting Factors Carrying capacity – changes when environments change Human impact Biotic - Abiotic interactions Biotic - Biotic interactions End of Part I

Journal 2-3: Energy Inc. Energy flows through an Ecosystem 10% rule Sun is the ultimate source of energy in an ecosystem Food chains Producers Primary Consumers Ect……

Food Webs and Ecological Pyramids Food chain vs. Food Web Decomposers Biomass Types of Ecological Pyramids Numbers Energy Biomagnification

Lab 2-3: Owl Pellet Owl feeding interactions Using data to make… Pyramids of numbers Pyramids of biomass Food Webs

Energy and Matter in the Ecosystem Notes The Carbon Cycle Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Equations Types of organisms Connection to… Matter Energy Burning Fossil Fuels

Lab 2-4: Photosynthesis in Elodea Factors that effect photosynthesis Light color Light intensity Amount of CO2 Testing for evidence of photosynthesis BTB changed color in the presence of CO2

Journal 2-6: Releasing Energy Molecules produced by photosynthesis contain energy Quick energy release = explosion Controlled energy release in organisms = cellular respiration

Lab 2-5: The Clothespin Olympics and Notes Exploring aerobic cellular respiration Protocol B Makes 38 ATP per glucose Uses oxygen Exploring anaerobic lactic acid fermentation Protocol D Makes 2 ATP Does not use oxygen Muscle fatigue, pain

Eutrophication Notes Process that reduces the health of an aquatic ecosystem Related to Nitrogen and Phosphorous Cycles

Journal 2-7: What have I Learned….. Putting it all together Ecological situations are complex and involve several interactions A small change in an ecosystem can cause many other small changes that add up to big change