IL-17A as an Inducer for Th2 Immune Responses in Murine Atopic Dermatitis Models Saeko Nakajima, Akihiko Kitoh, Gyohei Egawa, Yohei Natsuaki, Satoshi.

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IL-17A as an Inducer for Th2 Immune Responses in Murine Atopic Dermatitis Models Saeko Nakajima, Akihiko Kitoh, Gyohei Egawa, Yohei Natsuaki, Satoshi Nakamizo, Catharina Sagita Moniaga, Atsushi Otsuka, Tetsuya Honda, Sho Hanakawa, Wataru Amano, Yoichiro Iwakura, Susumu Nakae, Masato Kubo, Yoshiki Miyachi, Kenji Kabashima Journal of Investigative Dermatology Volume 134, Issue 8, Pages 2122-2130 (August 2014) DOI: 10.1038/jid.2014.51 Copyright © 2014 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 IL-17A deficiency attenuated the development of hapten-induced atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin lesions. (a) Time course of antigen-specific ear-swelling responses of wild-type (WT) mice and IL-17A-/- mice after the last elicitation with 4-ethoxymethlene-2-phenyloxazolin-5-one (OX) in acute (upper) and chronic contact hypersensitivity (CHS; lower). In acute CHS, ear swelling of mice with (+) or without (-) sensitization (sens) was shown. (b) Histology (hematoxylin and eosin staining) of the ear skin of WT or IL-17A-/- mice 6 hours after the last application with OX in chronic CHS or untreated mice (control). Bar=100 μm. (c) Total histology score. *P<0.05 (n=5 mice per group). Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2014 134, 2122-2130DOI: (10.1038/jid.2014.51) Copyright © 2014 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Cytokine expression levels and antigen-specific Ig production. (a) mRNA expression levels in the skin and skin-draining lymph nodes (LNs) 6 hours after the last elicitation of chronic contact hypersensitivity (CHS) or untreated mice (control). (b) Serum 4-ethoxymethlene-2-phenyloxazolin-5-one (OX)-specific IgE, IgG1, and IgG2a levels, as determined by ELISA. Optical density value for IgE, IgG1, and IgG2a levels were measured at a wavelength of 450 nm. *P<0.05 (n=5 mice per group). WT, wild type. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2014 134, 2122-2130DOI: (10.1038/jid.2014.51) Copyright © 2014 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 IL-17A deficiency attenuated type 2 helper T (Th2) chemokine expression and IL-4 induction. (a, b) Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and CCL17/thymus- and activation-regulated chemokines (TARC) mRNA expression levels of the ears 6 hours after the last elicitation of chronic contact hypersensitivity (CHS) or untreated mice (control) were normalized to GAPDH mRNA in the same sample. Results are presented as fold change relative to wild-type (WT) in chronic CHS, taken as one. (c, d) The number of total IL-4-producing cells (c) and IL-4-producing CD4+ T cells (d) in the draining lymph nodes (LNs). (e) In vitro type 2 helper T (Th2) differentiation assay. The number of IL-4+ cells per well is shown. *P<0.05. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2014 134, 2122-2130DOI: (10.1038/jid.2014.51) Copyright © 2014 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 γδ T cells are the main producers of IL-17A. (a, b) Single-cell suspensions were collected 6 hours after the last elicitation of chronic contact hypersensitivity (CHS) for intracellular IL-17A staining. The number of IL-17A-producing cells in skin-draining lymph nodes (LNs; a) and CD45+ IL-17A+ cells in the lesional skin (epidermis and dermis) (b). The percentages of Vγ4+ or Vγ4- γδ TCR+ cells and CD4+ or CD4- γδ TCR- cells (a) and CD4+ and dermal Vγ5- γδ T cells (b) among IL-17A-producing cells (right lower panel). *P<0.05 (n=5 per group). Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2014 134, 2122-2130DOI: (10.1038/jid.2014.51) Copyright © 2014 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Dermal Vγ5- γδ T cells were detected in the epidermis after chronic contact hypersensitivity (CHS). (a) Single epidermal cell suspensions from the lesional skin of IL-17A enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) reporter mice were collected 6 hours after the last elicitation of chronic CHS. FACS plots of IL-17A-positive cells (surrounded with red line, left panel) and characterization of IL-17A-positive cells (right panel). (b) *P<0.05 (n=5 per group). Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2014 134, 2122-2130DOI: (10.1038/jid.2014.51) Copyright © 2014 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 6 IL-17A deficiency attenuated cutaneous inflammation and type 2 helper T (Th2) induction in Flgft mice. (a, b) Clinical findings and total clinical scores (a) and histology scores (b) of IL-17+/+ and IL-17-/- Flgft mice. Arrows indicate erosion of the skin. (c) Serum IgE, IgG1, and IgG2c levels. (d) The number of IL-4-producing CD4+ T cells. (e) Class switch recombination assay. The number of IgE-producing splenic CD19+ B220+ cells in various concentrations of IL-17A. *P<0.05 (n=5 per group). Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2014 134, 2122-2130DOI: (10.1038/jid.2014.51) Copyright © 2014 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions