Chapter 10 – Sectional Conflict Intensifies Section 1 – Slavery and Western Expansion President Polk sees trouble coming. *How? Wilmot Proviso – proposed in Congress – any territory gained from Mexican war = NO SLAVERY ** DOES NOT PASS ** popular sovereignty – (*What does this mean???) citizens of new territories decide slavery question Why did Congress prefer the idea of popular sovereignty? -California is admitted as a free state -Congress promises strong federal enforcement of Fugitive Slave Act
Compromise of 1850 (thanks to Stephen A. Douglas of IL) – split a bill presented by Henry Clay that would ease North-South tensions
Compromise of 1850 Benefit for the North Concession to the South California enters as free state Mexican territory = no slavery restrictions New Mexico/Texas border settled in favor of New Mexico Federal government assumes Texas’ war debts Outlaw slave trade in Washington DC Did not completely outlaw slavery Congress cannot mess with domestic slave trade Strict enforcement of Fugitive Slave Act
Section 2 – Mounting Violence The Fugitive Slave Act an African American only had to be pointed out to be a runaway slave to be arrested no right to a trial **Why would this upset the Northerners?
The North’s response?? The Underground Railroad http://youtu.be/nQ2Kbk4QTGU Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad 8:22 http://youtu.be/XmsNGrkbHm4 Harriet Tubman Biography Assignment: p. 324 #1, 2, 3, 4 p. 331 #1, 2, 4, 5
Section 3 President Buchanan suggests the Supreme Court decide on slavery Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) Dred Scott was a slave in Missouri owner took him to live in a free territory then back to Missouri Scott sued his owner for his freedom arguing that his time spent in free territory meant he was free Supreme Court ruled against Scott saying African Americans were not citizens, but property, and therefore could not sue in court Court added that it was unconstitutional to prohibit slavery in new territories
Lincoln and Douglas Debates in Illinois Lincoln Douglas Debates – Eric Foner 2:06 *Why were the debates important nationally? *At the time, which candidate was the most influential? Why?
Section 4 – Lincoln elected President – 1860 Check out the map on p. 341 – do any of the vote totals surprise you? Secession - actually begins before Lincoln takes office By Feb. 1, 1861 – 7 southern states have seceded (led by South Carolina) Lincoln takes office War begins Four more states secede