The Intertestamental Period

Old Testament completed 400 BC 5 BC? Old Testament completed Birth of Jesus Amos Malachi? 400 Silent Years

Old Testament completed 400 BC 331 BC 5 BC? Old Testament completed Alexander conquers the Persian Empire Birth of Jesus Amos Malachi? Alexander the Great Persian Empire

Alexander the Great of Macedonia, 332 B.C. Tyre 

Fall of Tyre on July 29. 332 B.C. Seven month siege

Alexander at Jerusalem And when the book of Daniel was showed him, wherein Daniel declared that one of the Greeks should destroy the empire of the Persians, he supposed that himself was the person intended; and he was then glad. (Antiquities 11:8:5).

The World of Alexander Cultural interchange from east to west Scientific learning Hellenization Greek language Alexander’s death

Cassander Lysimachus Antigonus the one-eyed Seleucus Ptolemy

Ptolemy II Philadelphus Pharos Lighthouse Library of Alexandria Septuagint War with the Seleucids

Antiochus III “the Great” Ptolemy

Antiochus IV Epiphanes Hostage in Rome Escape Campaign against Egypt

Antiochus IV Epiphanes Hostage in Rome Escape Campaign against Egypt First revolt in Judah

Antiochus imposed the following Regulations Jews could not assemble for prayer Observance of the Sabbath was forbidden Possession of the Scriptures was illegal Circumcision was illegal Dietary laws illegal Pagan sacrifices mandated

Antiochus IV Maccabean Revolt 167 B.C. Mattathias Temple liberated

Old Testament completed 400 BC 331 BC 167 BC 5 BC? Old Testament completed Alexander conquers the Persian Empire Maccabbee Rebellion Birth of Jesus Amos Malachi? Alexander the Great Hasmonean kings Rome Persian Empire Hellenistic Kings Ptolemies Seleucids

Simon becomes new leader Judah recognized as a free state: 142 B.C. Mattathias Johanan Simon Judas Eleazer Jonathan Simon becomes new leader Judah recognized as a free state: 142 B.C. High Priest

John Hyrcanus becomes leader Samaria, Galilee & Idumea conquered Mattathias Johanan Simon Judas Eleazer Jonathan John Hyrcanus Judah Mattathias John Hyrcanus becomes leader Samaria, Galilee & Idumea conquered Forced conversions of conquered peoples

Two New Jewish Parties Hasidim: “The Pious Ones” Pharisees Hellenists: Greek influence Sadducees

Mattathias Johanan Simon Judas Eleazer Jonathan John Hyrcanus Judah Mattathias Aristobulus Alexander Janneus Salome Alexandria Aristobulus II Hyrcanus II

Pompey Commissioned to clear the seas of piracy Conquests in Syria the Great Commissioned to clear the seas of piracy Conquests in Syria Conquest of Jerusalem Territorial arrangements

Decapolis Samaria Judea

Roman Civil War

Antipater as Procurator Herod Antipater as Procurator Phasael

Parthians  Petra

Marc Antony Octavius

Herod the Great 40 - 4 B.C.

Zerubbabel’s Temple Seleucid Addition Herod’s Temple Hasmonean Expansion

Caesarea

Herod’s Domestic Troubles It is better to be Herod’s uV Than to be Herod’s uioV

Old Testament completed Death of Herod the Great 400 BC 331 BC 167 BC 4 BC Old Testament completed Alexander conquers the Persian Empire Maccabbee Rebellion Death of Herod the Great Amos Malachi? Pompey the Great Alexander the Great Hasmonean kings Rome Persian Empire Hellenistic Kings Ptolemies Seleucids