Warm Up Pretend you are a Native American in the early 1500’s. How would you react to the “newcomers” that arrived to your village? Why would you react in this way(s)? Explain.

Spain Builds an American Empire Chapter 20 Section 1

Today’s Goal  You will be able to… Explain the reasons for, and effects of, Spanish and Portuguese exploration in the New World

Voyages of Columbus Goal = sea route to India, instead he reached the Bahamas los indios (Indians) Called the island (Bahamas)“San Salvador” Convinced Spain to finance 3 more voyages to set up Colonies

Discoveries of Other Explorers Amerigo Vespucci - Declared S. America was Mundus Novus or “New World” - Americas named after him Waldseemuller’s Map – labeled S. America after Amerigo

1518 – Vasco Núñez Balboa  went through Panama & became first to see the Pacific Ocean 1519 – Ferdinand Magellan  his crew was first to sail around the world

Spanish Conquistadors Francisco Pizarro  Inca (Atahualpa) Hernando Cortes  Aztecs (Montezuma) Why was Cortes able to conquer the Aztecs? Misconceptions Superior weapons (gun) Support from rival tribes (who despised Aztecs) Disease!!!

Spanish Conquistadors By 1533, Francisco Pizzaro was able to conquer the Incan Empire Pizzaro staged an ambush, where he captured Atahualpa (the Incan ruler) He held Atahualpa for ransom and when he received the gold and silver he strangled Atahualpa.

Spain’s Pattern of Conquest Similar to Reconquista Lived amongst the natives and imposed their culture upon them. Encomienda system Natives farmed, ranched or mined land For Spanish landlords

Spain’s Influence Expands Spain’s new found wealth helped bring in a golden age of art and culture in Spain. To protect ships full of treasure Spain built up its navy

Conquistadors Push North Do to the lack of gold found in the north, the monarchy assigned mostly priests to explore and colonize the future U.S. The priests were there to convert the natives. The lands of New Mexico became the Headquarters for advancing the Catholic religion. Santa Fe (“Holy Faith”), New Mexico  Catholicism!

Opposition to Spanish Rule Spanish priest spoke out about the treatment of natives. (abolished the encomienda system in 1542). Columbus met resistance from natives when he tried to conquer the island of St. Croix Natives in the New Mexico region resisted Spanish rule Pueblo ruler Pope, led an organized rebellion against the Spanish.