Ancient Egypt

Review From Last Class Religion: Polytheistic God of natural things Gods act like humans but are immortal Afterlife is like a paradise Mummies were preserved bodies so a person could be whole in the after life Pyramids were royal tombs were pharaohs would live in the Afterlife

Other Accomplishments 365 Calendar

Hieroglyphics Egyptian form of writing based on pictures (pictographs) Some stood for sounds, others for words

Papyrus Scrolls made from reeds Equivalent of paper

Medicine Invented surgery

Politics

Menes Unites Upper & Lower Egypt C. 3100 BCE: Pharoh Narmer (aka Menes) King of Upper Egpyt Led his armies ___________________ to conquer Lower Egypt 3:35 Menes builds a dam

Capitol Where would you put the capitol if you were Narmer?

Palette of Narmer

Pharaoh King Egyptians believed the pharaoh was the son of Re, the sun god Carried out rituals Part of a theocracy

Dynasty A line of rulers from the same family Can you think of any American political dynasties?

Old Kingdom Begins c. 2600 BCE Age when most of the pyramids were built 9:04-42 2340 BCE Sargon starts an empire in Mesopotamia c. 4000 BCE Sumerian city states develop

Khufu: Great Pyramid of Giza 42:50-43:15

Middle Kingdom c. 1800’s Hammurabi rules Babylon

The Hyksos People from Arabian Peninsula Crossed the desert in chariots Bronze weapons Ended the Middle Kingdom & ruled Egypt for about 150 years from 1670-1550 BCE

New Kingdom Started when a prince named Ahmose drove out the Hyksos in c. 1550 BCE 50:20-55 c. 900 BCE Assyrians take over Mesopotamia c. 670 BCE Neo-Babylonians

Hatshepsut Came to power c. 1473 BCE Was supposed to help her nephew rule but just made herself pharaoh Girl Power! Made Egypt rich through trade along the Red Sea Used the wealth to build a great tomb in the Valley of the Kings at Deir-el-Bahri 51:21 Hatshepsut

Deir el Bahri

Amenhotep IV aka Akhenton C. 1370 BCE Amenhotep wanted to stop the priests from getting too powerful so he started his own religion Based it on worship of one god “Aten”, a manifestation of the sun god Ra People hated it!!! 1:01:00-1:10:30

Tutankhamen Ruled from c. 1330 BCE Restored old religion Famous for his tomb with tons of treasure and mummies 1:10:30-1:12-:00

Ramses II Ruled from c. 1279 to 1213 BCE Gained land for Egypt Built many new buildings for Egypt including the temple at Abu Semple 1:18:52- 1:27:04

Abu Semple

Economic Used the Nile to trade Grew flax, wheat, barley, cotton Traded cotton linen Lots of natural resources like precious metals 9:00-10:25 Benefits of the Nile for Trade

Social