Three Kingdoms of Egypt

The Old Kingdom: 2700-2200 B.C. Early Pharaohs Believed to be both pharaoh and god Came to Earth to manage Egypt for all gods Had absolute power over all land and people Khufu was the most important pharaoh of the old kingdom and known for the many monuments built for him

Society and Trade - Egyptians believed a well ordered society was necessary to keep the kingdom strong. Egyptians traded with their neighbors Egyptians were highly religious

Gods of Egypt All Egyptians worshipped the same gods Temples were built to worship gods Gods for everything (polytheistic society) Gods had a blend of human and animal form Re- sun god

Afterlife and Burial Afterlife was a big focus of the Ancient Egyptian’s religion. The Egyptians believed the afterlife to be a happy place. Ka was the spirit of a person Tombs were filled with objects needed for the afterlife, including food Mummification was the process used to care for the elite after their death The elite could be buried in a sarcophagus

Pyramids Built as stone tombs for the rulers Made out of limestone Took thousands of workers to build Pyramids needed to be spectacular to signify the importance of the pharaoh Could have taken decades to build the largest pyramids Great Pyramid of Giza

Life in the Middle Kingdom What happened at the end of the Old Kingdom? Local nobles were ruling much of Egypt because the pharaohs had lost power and wealth. There was no central ruler. What years classify the Middle Kingdom? 2050-1750 B.C. Who were the leaders during the Middle Kingdom? Local nobles ruled during the Middle Kingdom

Life in the New Kingdom When does the New Kingdom occur? 1550-1050 B.C. 2. How did the Egyptians build an empire? The Egyptians took control of all possible invasion routes into the kingdom by conquering certain people and becoming the leading military power in that area. Why was trade important to the Egyptians? Trade brought valuable resources into Egypt. Also, money made from trade helped to fund the arts and architecture of the kingdom, making it even more magnificent.

Life in the New Kingdom Why was Hatshepsut important? She was the first woman pharaoh and worked to increase trade throughout the kingdom. She built many temples and monuments. 5. What other groups invaded Egypt during the New Kingdom? Were they successful? The Hittites of Asia Minor- not successful Tehenu –not successful Sea Peoples-not successful What led to the decline of the New Kingdom? Violence and disorder throughout Egypt after all of the invasions is what caused the decline of the New Kingdom.

Work and Daily Life What kind of writing did scribes do? Government texts, religious texts, and literary texts Why did pharaohs value talented architects? Architects designed the temples and tombs for pharaohs. 3. What did the military offer citizens in Egypt? Military offered citizens a chance to rise in social status. 4. Who made up the majority of Egypt’s population? Farmers and other peasants made up the majority of the population How did some people come to be enslaved in Egypt? Convicted criminals or prisoners captured in war