REGIONS OF THE BRAIN.

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Presentation transcript:

REGIONS OF THE BRAIN

THE CEREBRUM FUNCTIONS: Controls intelligence & conscious thought, reasoning, judgment Interprets senses Controls complex muscle patterns Memory storage/retrieval

THE CEREBRUM Structures: Paired hemispheres Gyri = outer elevated ridges Sulci = shallow depressions between

THE CEREBRUM Structures cont.: Longitudinal fissure = separates R & L hemispheres Corpus callosum = thick band of nerve fibers connecting R & L & allows communication

THE CEREBRUM: Right vs Left Speech /language Reading/writing Analytical tasks – math! Logic/reason RIGHT: Musical/Artistic Emotional expression Visual – pictures Pattern recognition

LOBES OF THE CEREBRUM 1. Frontal 2. Parietal 3. Temporal 4. Occipital ☆ Primary motor area ☆ Frontal association area = judgment & reason ☆ Taste area 2. Parietal ☆ Primary sensory area – touch, temp, pressure & pain 3. Temporal ☆ Auditory & Olfactory area 4. Occipital ☆ Visual Central sulcus Lateral sulcus

THE CEREBRUM: An Overview Let Us Look Inside the Cerebrum…

THE DIENCEPHALON

THE DIENCEPHALON Thalamus ☆ All sensory info (except smell) is relayed through & then sent to appropriate areas of brain for response

THE DIENCEPHALON Hypothalamus ☆ Primary link between NS & endocrine – pituitary releases hormones ☆ Regulates moods, thirst, appetite, waking vs sleep ☆ Regulates body temp & water balance ☆ Reg. & coordinates autonomic – digestion & urination

THE BRAIN STEM 1. Midbrain: ☆ Maintains alertness 2. Pons: ☆ Regulates respiration rate 3. Medulla Oblongata: ☆ Connects brain to spinal cord ☆ Regulates breathing rhythm, ♡ rate, blood flow ☆ Reflexes: vomiting, sneezing, hiccupping & swallowing All information to and from our body passes through the brain stem on the way to or from the brain. Like the frontal and temporal lobes, the brain stem is located in an area near bony protrusions making it vulnerable to damage during trauma.

THE CEREBELLUM ☆ Coordinates subconscious skeletal muscle – maintains balance & posture Ex: moving an object ☆ Damage – trauma, stroke or drugs (alcohol) = ataxia 2nd Largest Region

THE LIMBIC SYSTEM ☆ A functional system not anatomical – parts of cerebrum, hypothalamus & brain stem ☆ Emotion centers, memory, links conscious thoughts to unconscious functions

WRAPPING UP THE BRAIN ANOTHER LOOK INSIDE

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