Lesson 3 – Classification of Matter Chemistry

Learning Goals To be able to classify matter

Matter Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space (has volume) All matter is made up of particles These particles are extremely small (cannot be seen with a microscope) Matter is classified depending on the type of particles that it consists of

1. All matter is made up of tiny particles. 2. Different substances are made up of their own unique particles. 3. Particles are separated by empty space. 4. Particles are always moving. Heat makes the particles move faster. 5. Particles are attracted to each other.

Heterogeneous Mixtures Homogeneous Mixtures (Solutions) Matter Mixtures Heterogeneous Mixtures Homogeneous Mixtures (Solutions) Pure Substances Elements Compounds

Pure Substances A pure substance means that all of the particles of the substance are the same Pure substances are divided into 2 categories: elements and compounds

Elements Elements are pure substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances, either physically or chemically Elements are made of only one type of atom All the elements are arranged in the periodic table Examples of elements are oxygen, carbon, gold, and iron

Compounds Compounds are pure substances that can be broken down into simpler substances, either physically or chemically Compounds are made of particles containing two or more different atoms Examples of compounds are water (H2O), salt (NaCl), and carbon dioxide (CO2)

Mixtures Mixtures are not pure substances because they contain more than one type of particle They contain 2 or more pure substances mixed together Mixtures are divided into 2 categories: Heterogeneous mixtures and homogeneous mixtures or solutions

Heterogeneous Mixtures The particles of a heterogeneous mixture do not mix well It is easy to differentiate different substances in this mixture Examples are pizza, oil and water, and salad dressing

Homogeneous Mixtures (Solutions) The particles of a homogeneous mixture mix well A solution looks like it has only one substance, it is difficult to see the different parts Examples are Kool-aid, air, and salt water

Success Criteria I CAN classify matter as either an element, compound, or a mixture (heterogeneous or homogeneous)

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