Don Showalter world of chem salt vs sugar Electric pickle Link to Molten salt

Electrical Conductivity and Models of Bonding Electric current – Flow of Charge (+ or – ions or electrons). Link to Battery animation MOVING ELECTRONS MOVING IONS

2 Conditions to conduct electricity 1) Charged particles present (electrons or ions) 2) Mobility – charged particles must be able to move

COVALENTLY BONDED SUBSTANCES DON’T FORM IONS WHEN DISSOLVED IN WATER NOTE: ONLY NEUTRAL MOLECULES PRESENT; NO FULLY CHARGED PARTICLES NEUTRAL ETHANOL DISSOLVED IN WATER NEUTRAL SUGAR MOLECULES DISSOLVED IN WATER

Conductivity of metals – Moving electrons carry charge

nonElectrolyte, weak electrolyte, strong electrolyte solutions

CONDUCTIVITY OF IONIC COMPOUNDS

Solid salt – ionic lattice IoNS LOCKED INTO POSITION BY MULTIPLE ELECTROSTATIC ATTRACTIONs EACH ION IS BONDED TO 6 IONS OF THE OPPOSITE CHARGE

Link to Molten NaCl Molten sodium chloride is an excellent conductor Moving ions free to move past each other Link to Molten NaCl

IONIC COMPOUNDS SEPARATE INTO IONS IN SOLUTION WATER IS POLAR; IT HAS A PARTIALLY NEGATIVE OXYGEN SIDE AND PARTIALLY POSITIVE HYDROGEN SIDES THAT WILL ATTRACT IONS OUT OF THE LATTICE LINK TO SALT DISSOLVING ANIMATION Link to video salt vs sugar

Conductivity of ionic compounds

Link to NaCl Link to AlBr3 Link to Li2O Link to MgCl2