Gastro Intestinal drugs Groups Classiification Chemical name Brandname

Gastro Intestinal drugs-Groups Antacids Antispasmodics& drugs affecting gut motility. Ulcer healing drugs Antidiarrhoeal & antiemetic drugs Laxatives Ano-rectal preparations Drugs affecting gastro intestinal secretion Inflammatory bowel diseases. Gastro esophageal disorders (GERD)

Ulcer healing drugs Classification:- 1. Antacids(Neutralization of gastric acid) eg. Sodium bicarbonate Sod.citrate Mg.hydroxide Mg.trisilicate Aluminium Hydroxide Calcium carbonate Magaldrate

Moxal Moxalplus Gaviscon Gestid Omacid Epicogel Medacid Actonorm gel Maalox Rennie

2. Reduction of gastric acid secretion (a). H2 receptor blockers:- Cimetidine Ranitidine Famotidine Roxatidine

Brand names Ranitidine:- Zantac dose:- 75mg,150mg,300mg Histac Rantag Antagonin Ranid Famotidine:- Famopsin ----10mg, 20mg,40mg Famodar Pepcid

(b). Proton pump inhibitors:- Omeperazole Lanzoprazole Pantoprazole Rabeperazole Esomeperazole ( c) .Prostaglandin analogue:- Misoprostol (d) Anticholinergics:- Pirenzepine Oxyphenonium Propantheline

Brand names Omeperazole:- Omapro Pantoprazole:- Proton Losec Omiz Omezyn Omedar Pantoprazole:- Proton Pantodac Lanzoprazole:- Lanzol Takepron Esomeprazole:- Nexium

3.Ulcer protectives:- Sucralfate , CBS ( coloidal bismuth subcitrate) 4. Anti H.Pylori drugs :- Antibiotics

Drugs for Diarrhea and Constipation Laxatives:- Drugs that promote evacuation of bowels Classification :- 1. Bulk forming eg.Dietary fibres:- Bran Psyllium Isphagula Methyl cellulose 2. Stool softener:- Docusates Liquid paraffin

3.Stimulant Purgatives:- Phenolphthalein Bisacodyl Sodium picosulfate Senna Cascara sagrada Castor oil 4.Osmotic laxatives:- Lactulose Mg salts Na. salts Na.k. tartarate

Antidiarrhoeal drugs Rehydration therapy Oral rehydration therapy Formula of ORS(WHO) NaCl 2.6g KCl 1.5g Trisod. Citrate 2.9g Glucose 13.5g Water 1L Brands:- ORS, Electral, Electrobion etc

Antidiarrhoeal drugs Anti motility drugs :- Codeine Diphenoxylate:- (Lomotil) Loperamide (Imodium) Adsorbents :- Kaolin Antimicrobials:- Metronidazole, Tinidazole Ciprofloxacin, Nitrofurantoin etc

Antiemetics Anticholinergics:- Hyoscine, Dicyclomine H1 antihistamines:- Promethazine Diphenhydramine, Dimenhydrinate Doxylamine Cyclizine, Meclizine Cinnarizine

Antiemetics Prokinetic drugs:- Metoclopramide Neuroleptics:- Chlorpromazine Prochlorperazine Haloperidol Prokinetic drugs:- Metoclopramide Domperidone Cisapride, Mosapride Tegaserod

Antiemetics 5-HT3 Antagonists:- Ondansetron Granisetron Adjuvant Antiemetics:- Dexamethasone, Benzodiazepines Cannabinoids. etc

Brand names Hyoscine-N-Butyl bromide:- Buscopan Scopinal Hycom Hyoscine Hydrobromide:- Scopalamine Promethazine:- Avomine, Histazin,Histaloc. Meclizine :- Navidoxime Cinnarzine:- Stugeron

Brand names Prochlerapazine:- Stemetil Metoclopramide:- Perinorm, Primepran Premosan,Gastrenerton Domperidone:- Motilium, Motilone, Dompy

GERD-( Gastro Esophageal Reflux Diseases) PPIs H2blockers Antacids Sodium Alginate Prokinetic drugs

Inflammatory bowel diseases. Inflammation of colon and small intestine Two types :- 1. Ulcerative colitis 2. Crohn’s disease Drugs used are (a) Aminosalicylates (b) Corticosteroids. (c) Drugs affects immune response

Inflammatory bowel diseases Aminosalicylates:- drugs are, Sulfasalazine Mesalazine etc. Corticosteroids:- Beclomethasone Budesonide Prednisolone Hydrocprtisone Drugs affects immune response:- Azathioprine Ciclosporine Methotrexate Mercaptopurine

H.Pylori Infection Causative factor in all duodenal ulcers and gastric ulcers that are not associated with NSAID use. Eradication involves a long term therapy. Recommended Treatment regimen Dual therapy :- 2 week PPI + AB Triple therapy:- 2 week,1 week and 10 days followed by prophylatic single therapy, PPI +AB+metronidazole