Mr. Somogye AP World History World War 2 The Sequel … to World War 1 Mr. Somogye AP World History
Road to War: Europe
Treaty of Versailles Made conditions that caused WW2 Germany loses 15% of territory and its colonial empire Germany to pay heavy reparations Germany has military restrictions Germany has to accept responsibility for starting war (War Guilt) leads to Germany resentment of Treaty “MORE than fourteen years have passed since the unhappy day when the German people, blinded by promises from foes at home and abroad, lost touch with honor and freedom, thereby losing all. Since that day of treachery, the Almighty has withheld his blessing from our people.” Adolf Hitler, February 1, 1933
Great Depression Contracting stock prices wiped out “paper fortunes” Many lost life savings World trade drops 62% in a few years Unemployment rises to 30% in Germany, and in US Countries all respond differently
The Great Depression
The Rise of Nazi Germany Nazi = fascist gov’t Grew out of collapse of Germany imperial state after WW1 Successfully pulls Germany out of Great Depression Hitler suppressed all political opponents, press Jews used as scapegoat German race superior
Rise of Nazi Germany
German Expansion 1936 – German troops move into the Rhine river valley Breaks Treaty of Versailles 1938 – Germany annexes Austria & the Sudetenland Munich Conference & Appeasement 1939 – Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact September 1, 1939 – Germany invades Poland
Road to War: Japan
Japanese Imperialism 1910 – Annex Korea 1931 – Attack Manchuria Mukden Incident 1936 – Battle near Beijing Used as an excuse to invade mainland China Rape of Nanking An episode of mass murder and mass rape committed by Japanese troops 1940 – French Indo-China
Japanese Aggression
Fighting World War II
Blitzkrieg Blitzkrieg (Lightning War) – Germany tactic, rapid movement of infantry, tanks, and airpower over large areas
New Technology Other technological advancements: radar, synthetic rubber, antibiotics, etc.
Pearl Harbor
Highpoint of Axis Power Germany quickly takes land quickly France taken Battle of Britain airstrikes weakens England but unsuccessful Invades Russia But Winter is coming…..
Winning the War
European Theater Notable Battles 1 – Blitzkrieg of Poland 5 – Surrender of Paris 6 – Battle of Britain 9 – Germany invades USSR 21 – Battle of Stalingrad *Turning Point of WWII 22 – Battle of El Alamein *Monty defeats Rommel 26 – Allies invade Sicily *U.S. troops led by Patton 29 – Battle of Normandy *Largest amphibious assault in world history 32 – Battle of the Bulge *Last German offensive 35 – Soviets enter Berlin
Battle of Stalingrad Germany rushes into USSR... But Russia is big, cold, and Stalin’s Soviets destroy everything as they retreat “Scorched Earth”… USSR counter attacks at Stalingrad… Germany 6th army gets cut off… intense urban fighting… Germanys starve to death but eventually surrender… Germany pushed out of Russia
Battle of Stalingrad
Amphibious Assaults
Battle of Normandy (D-day) Allies storm the beaches in France… largest amphibious assault ever… France liberated in a month… Allies push towards Germany… US Britain from West and USSR from East… Beginning of the end for Germany
Firebombing of Dresden Military vs. Civilian targets?
Soviets reach Berlin VE Day May 7, 1945
Allied Victory in the Pacific
Island-Hopping Allied strategy to focus on key islands in Pacific at strategic locations to move towards Japan.
Firebombing of Tokyo
Atomic Bomb *Allies agreed upon Unconditional Surrender before war was ending.
Effects of the Atomic Bomb VJ Day = August 9, 1945
Outcomes of WW2 60 million people died, over half were civilian USSR >40% of death, China lots of civilian attacks Bombing of cities shows new attitude of total war Gov’t mobilized economies and propaganda inc. Holocaust = 6 million Jews killed in genocide Europe impoverished, industry in ruin, ppl hurting Europe couldn’t keep colonial holdings Consolidated and expanded communist world Growth of internationalism (United Nations US now a major global superpower