Business Computer Technology A. Computer Basics 1.00 Examine the role of hardware and software. Objective 1.02 Analyze the information processing cycle including various storage methods.

IPOS

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS (EQ) How does a computer process information? What is IPOS?

How Does A Computer Process Data? Information Processing Cycle IPOS Input Processing Output Storage

Computers process information using the Information Processing Cycle (IPOS). IPOS is the acronym for Input Processing Output Storage

INPUT DEVICES

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS (EQ) What does an input device do? What are some examples of input devices?

Input Devices devices used to input data into your computer hardware that allows you to communicate with your computer

Other Computer Input Devices Graphic Tablet Light Pen

Computer Input Devices Keyboard (most common) Mouse Trackball Joystick Light pen Pointing Stick Touchpad Touch screen Bar code reader Scanner Microphone Graphics Tablet Digital Camera

PROCESSING

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS (EQ) What is the unit of measurement used for data? What processing components are housed inside the computer case? What does each internal component do? What are RAM and ROM?

Byte Byte is the unit of measurement for computer data 1 byte equals eight bits 1 MB (Megabyte) equals about 1 million bytes 1 GB (Gigabyte) equals about 1 billion bytes

INTERNAL COMPONENTS

The computer case, a metal and plastic case, houses the main system components of the computer. One component inside the case is the motherboard.

Computer System Components (Inside the Computer Case) Motherboard a circuit board (a thin plate or board that contains electronic components) that contains many integral components

Motherboard Components CPU (Central Processing Unit) also called a microprocessor the “brains” of the computer

Processing Device The CPU sometimes called the “brain” of the computer is one of the chips found on the motherboard.

Other Motherboard Components Control Unit the “boss” coordinates all of the CPU’s activities. Basic Controller a device that controls the transfer of data from the computer to a peripheral device and vice versa.

How The Control Unit Works

TYPES OF MEMORY ON THE MOTHERBOARD RAM ROM

RAM and ROM

Internal Memory Random Access Memory (RAM) memory on the motherboard that is short term where data, information, and program instructions are stored temporarily on a RAM chip or a set of RAM chips.

Internal Memory Read-Only Memory (ROM) memory on the motherboard that is long term where the specific instructions that are needed for the computer to operate are stored.

Types of Memory on the Motherboard Random Access Memory (RAM) Short term or temporary memory Holds information while you are working in a program; dumps it when you exit

Read-Only Memory (ROM) Long term memory Remembers the instructions needed to run the computer and its programs

External Computer Components (On the Outside of the Computer Case) Ports used to connect peripheral devices such as printers, scanners, and the monitor to the computer

Serial and Parallel Ports Universal Serial Bus (USB)

Ports are used to connect peripheral devices such as printers, scanners, and the monitor to the computer. Types of ports are Serial and Parallel Ports Universal Serial Bus (USB)

Computer System Components (On the Outside of the Computer Case) Expansion Slots an opening on the motherboard where a circuit board or expansion board can be inserted Examples: Additional Memory, video cards, modem cards, and sound cards.

OUTPUT DEVICES

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS (EQ) What does an output device do? What are some examples of output devices? What are 4 types of printers?

Output Device device used to get information (output) out of your computer hardware that allows the computer to communicate with the user

Output Devices Monitor (most common) Produces a soft copy (copy you SEE) NOTHING is stored in the monitor. It just displays information. The monitor is NOT a storage device.

Speakers Printer Produces a hard copy (copy you HOLD in your HAND)

Types of Printers Dot Matrix Printer Gives a printed image in a pattern (matrix) of tiny ink dots. Less expensive and not as clear

How a Dot Matrix Printer Works

Types of Printers Inkjet Printer Better quality of printed document Machine uses an ink cartridge and a printing element to print a finer image on the paper

How an Ink Jet Printer Works

Types of Printers Laser Printer Best quality of printed documents Laser beam and an ink toner cartridge are used to produce the images. More expensive Quick

How a Laser Printer Works

Types of Printers Dot Matrix Printer Laser Printer Inkjet Printer Impact Printer (strikes the paper in order to create an image)

STORAGE DEVICES

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS (EQ) What does a storage device do? What are some examples of storage devices? Which storage device gives you the fastest access to your files?

Storage Device Storage devices allow you to save and retrieve data.

Internal Storage Device Hard Disk Drive used to store data inside of the computer. magnetic platter that holds a large amount of information in a form the computer can understand.

Internal Storage Device Hard Disk Drive Advantages Fastest way to retrieve saved data More data can be stored here than on most external storage devices

External Storage Devices Floppy Disk Flat circles of iron oxide-coated plastic enclosed in a hard plastic case. Most are 3 ½ inches Can hold 1.44 MB or more of data.

External Storage Devices Zip Disk Capable of storing tremendous amounts of information They are only the size of a 3 inch disk but can hold as much as 1 gigabyte of data

External Storage Devices Magnetic Tape Drives used for making backup copies of large volumes of data. very slow can be used to replace data that may have been lost on the hard drive look similar to audio tapes. holds more than Floppy

External Storage Devices Optical discs: use laser technology to read and write data on silver platters. CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory) DVD (Digital Versatile Disc)

Other External Storage Devices Flash Drive

External Storage Devices CD-ROM and DVD (use a laser to write and read data) Floppy Disk Zip Disk Magnetic Tape Drives Flash Drive

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