Marsupials & Monotremes Mammalia Jeopardy General Mammals Marsupials & Monotremes Placental Mammals Mammalian Orders Pictures 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 500 Final Jeopardy

What three types of glands do all mammals possess? 2 What three types of glands do all mammals possess?

Scent glands, sweat glands, & mammary glands 3 Scent glands, sweat glands, & mammary glands

4 Compared to other vertebrates, mammals have heightened senses in what two areas?

5 Hearing & smell

6 The umbilical cord and placenta in placental mammals replace what 4 parts of the amniotic egg?

Allantois, Albumen, Yolk, and Chorion 7 Allantois, Albumen, Yolk, and Chorion

8 Why do zoologists think that the first mammals were nocturnal predators?

9 Lack of color vision, exceptional hearing & smell, and endothermy in most mammals hint at a nocturnal existence.

10 Mammals Molars & glands Ribs reduced & appearance of hair Limbs under body Thermoregulation Synapsid Reptiles

11 Mammals Cynodonts Therapsids Molars & glands Pelycosaurs Ribs reduced & appearance of hair Limbs under body Thermoregulation Synapsid Reptiles

What two animals are the only monotremes on the planet? 12 What two animals are the only monotremes on the planet?

13 Platypus & Spiny Echidna

Name 4 marsupials other than the opossum. 14 Name 4 marsupials other than the opossum.

Kangaroo, wallaby, wombat, koala, sugar glider, etc… 15 Kangaroo, wallaby, wombat, koala, sugar glider, etc…

16 What are three unique attributes of monotremes not seen in other mammals?

Cloaca/egg laying, no nipples, & electroreception 17 Cloaca/egg laying, no nipples, & electroreception

18 Daily Double Describe how the present distribution of marsupials and monotremes on the earth came to be. Daily Double

19 1. Monotremes & marsupials first developed during the Triassic and migrated across Pangaea 2. Australia, Antarctica, and India broke away from Pangaea 3. Placental mammals developed in Laurasia 4. Antarctica froze and India collided with Asia flooding it with placental mammals 5. Australia remained habitable and isolated from the rest of the world

20 What is the anatomical result of the necessity of marsupials to crawl from the vagina to the pouch to complete development?

21 There are no marsupials with hooves, wings, or flippers. They must have forearms that are able to grip in order to climb into the pouch

22 What is the evolutionary advantage that placental mammals have over their marsupial and monotreme cousins?

They can carry their young internally until they are fully developed 23 They can carry their young internally until they are fully developed

24 What are the two largest Orders of placental mammals that make up around 60% of all mammalian species?

25 Rodentia & Chiroptera

How does one tell the difference between dolphins and porpoises? 26 How does one tell the difference between dolphins and porpoises?

27 Dolphin Porpoise Teeth Conical Spade-like Dorsal Fin Hooked Triangular Face Beak No Beak

28 Describe how a cow digests its food as it passes through the ruminant stomach? Rumen & Reticulum Omasum Abomasum

29 Grass is eaten and moved into the rumen and then reticulum to pick up bacteria capable of digesting cellulose Grass is regurgitated as cud and chewed to help bacteria break down cellulose Cud is re-swallowed and moved to omasum where water and minerals are extracted Cud moves to abomasum where normal acidic digestion takes place

30

31

32 Which mammalian Order is considered to be the simplest placental mammal Order?

33 Insectivora

34 What are the two mammalian Orders that are considered to be completely aquatic?

35 Cetacea & Sirenia

36 Describe the difference between Artiodactyls and Perissodactyls and explain why there are so few Perissodactyls left on the planet

37 Artiodactyls – ruminant stomachs and even-toed hooves Perissodactyls – hindgut fermenters and odd-toed hooves Due to climate change, the food the Perissodactyls ate went away leaving mostly the low-grade grasses that Artiodactyls are able to eat. Only a few Perissodactyls were able to adapt and survive until today. 37

38 What is the difference between Simians and Prosimians and what is the difference between New-world and Old-world monkeys? (Give two examples of animals in each category)

Prosimians – primitive, nocturnal, solitary primates such as lemurs & tarsiers Simians – advanced, diurnal, social primates such as monkeys and apes New-world – flat-nosed monkeys with prehensile tails that live in the Americas such as howler and spider monkeys Old-world – narrow-nosed monkeys with vestigial or absent tails that live in Africa and Asia such as proboscis monkeys, baboons, and the apes 39

40 DAILY DOUBLE Pholidota Bats Tubulidentata Elephants Xenarthra Rabbits & Hares Dermoptera Porcupines & Gerbils Chiroptera Anteaters & Sloths Lagomorpha Aardvarks Hyracoidea Pangolins Proboscidea Colugos Rodentia Hyrax

41 Pholidota Bats Tubulidentata Elephants Xenarthra Rabbits & Hares Dermoptera Porcupines & Gerbils Chiroptera Anteaters & Sloths Lagomorpha Aardvarks Hyracoidea Pangolins Proboscidea Colugos Rodentia Hyrax

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37 Shrew Capybara Asian Elephant White Rhino

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45 Sea Lion Fossa Wombat Dugong

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47 Pangolin Aardvark Loris Bushbaby

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49 Tapir Echidna Civet Mandrill

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51 Hyrax Tarsier Capuchin Colugo

52 FINAL JEOPARDY Complete the flow-chart that organizes the Suborders and Superfamilies of Order Carnivora          Suborder Superfamily Example Caniformia Canoidea --------------------- Ursoidea Skunks, weasels, & raccoons Seals, sea lions, & walruses Feloidea Cats Viverroidea Hyena, mongoose, & fossa

53 Suborder Superfamily Example Caniformia Canoidea Dogs, foxes, & wolves --------------------- Ursoidea Bears Musteloidea Skunks, weasels, & raccoons Pinnipedia Seals, sea lions, & walruses Feliformia Feloidea Cats Viverroidea Civets Herpestoidea Hyena, mongoose, & fossa