Ch. 16 Energy + Chemical Change

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Presentation transcript:

Ch. 16 Energy + Chemical Change

What is Energy? -Energy is the ability to do work -It exists in two basic forms: -Potential Energy -Kinetic Energy

Potential Energy This is energy due to the composition, chemical potential energy, or position of an object, physical potential energy. Calories in food are an example of chemical potential energy. Food gives you energy from glucose. Rollercoaster is a good example of physical potential energy. Highest point has lots of potential energy to make the ride continue

Kinetic Energy Roller coaster converts potential energy into Kinetic Energy Energy of Motion

Law of Conservation of Energy -In any chemical reaction or physical process, energy can be converted from one form to another, but it is neither created nor destroyed. -This is also known as the first law of thermodynamics.

What is Heat? -Heat is a byproduct of doing work. -energy that is in the process of flowing from a warmer object to a cooler object. -Heat is a byproduct of doing work. -represented by the symbol q

How is heat measured? -calorie (cal): the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of pure water by one degree Celsius. -Calorie (kcal)- first off, recognize that this word is capitalized. This means that it is the nutritional calorie (what we eat.) -Calorie or kcal is equal to 1000 calories.

How is heat measured? Page 492 #’s 1-3 Joule- SI unit used for heat and energy -1 joule = 0.2390 calories or 1 calorie = 4.184 joules -1 kilojoule = 1000 calories or 1 Calorie (kcal) IN CLASS ASSIGNMENT Page 492 #’s 1-3

What is Specific Heat? -Specific Heat of any substance is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of that substance by one degree Celsius. -It is represented by the variable, C.

Specific Heat q= m c ∆T The equation for calculating specific heat is: q= heat m= mass c= specific heat ∆T= change in temperature (must be in Celsius)

In Class Assignment / Homework Pg. 495 #’s 4-11 skip #8 Pg. 498 #’s 12 +13 Pg. 525 #’s 75-80

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