Unit 8: Islamic Civilizations

Islam: What is it? Definitions: Revelations – Muhammad – Monotheism – The revelations of Muhammad form the basis of the Islamic religion, a monotheistic faith. Muslims believe Muhammad is the prophet or messenger of God. Muhammad and his followers spread Islam. Islamic traditions and customs developed over centuries and created a distinctive Muslim culture. Definitions: Revelations – Muhammad – Monotheism – Muslim –

Islam: Who was Muhammad? Lived __ From ___ He was a ____ The angel Jibreel (Gabriel) called him to be a _____(God) ____ = Holy text, word of God as revealed to Muhammad ________

Islam: How do Muslims worship? Many aspects of religious practice in Islam were codified meaning they were made into a system of laws. The religious practice of Islam, which literally means "to submit to God", is based on five main beliefs that are known as the Five Pillars to which all members of the Islamic community should adhere. Definitions:  Codified – Submit – Five Pillars – Adhere –

Unit 8: Islamic Civilizations 5 Pillars of Islam Unit 8: Islamic Civilizations

#1 Faith: (Arabic word) The phrase someone must say to officially become Muslim: This profession of faith is called: When might this phrase be used? What does the term “Jihad” mean to most Islamic scholars and Muslims? What is “Jihad of the soul”? Why do you think many people misinterpret the term? Source #1: http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/faithbelief.html Source #2: http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/10/1023_031023_jihad.html

#2 Prayer: (Arabic word) Number of times Muslims pray each day: Where do Muslims face when they pray? How do Muslims know it is time to pray? Where do Muslims pray? How do Muslims pray? What is a Mosque? What do Mosques generally look like inside? Why don’t Muslims represent people in their art? (How does this sound familiar?) What is a minaret? On what day do Muslims worship in the Mosque? Source #1: http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/faithworship.html Source #2: http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/prayer/mosque.shtml

#3 Almsgiving: (Arabic word) What is another word for “almsgiving”? How do Muslims “give alms”? Where might the money go? (Give examples) Source #1: http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/faithalmsgiving.html

#4 Fasting: Sawm What does “fasting” mean? When do Muslims fast? Why do Muslims fast during Ramadan? What do Muslims use to measure the year? Why do Muslims fast? What is Eid Ul fitr? Source #1: http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/faithfasting.html Source #2: http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/practices/ramadan_1.shtml Source #3: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/religion/islam/ramadan.shtml

#4 Pilgrimage: Haji What is a “pilgrimage?” Where do Muslims go on the Haji? Why? What is the Kaaba? Source #1: http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/faithpilgrimage.html Source #2: https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/art-islam/beginners-guide-islamic/a/the-kaaba

Anchor Activity: Directions: Time to synthesize your learning! Think back to the other religions we discussed in this class: Hinduism, Judaism, Buddhism, and Christianity. Do those religions have a similar tradition that compares to each of the 5 Pillars of Islam? Write them out here: Faith - Prayer - Almsgiving - Fasting - Pilgrimage -

5 Pillars of Islam Faith Prayer Almsgiving Fasting Pilgrimage (haji)