The Beginnings of Our Global Age 1415 - 1796

Portugal Prince Henry Find direct route to Asia Spread Christianity Find valuable riches Funded training, cartographers, and ship building Est. Portugal out as a leader

Portugal Sailed around the Cape of Good Hope Da Gama Found direct route to Asia Forcefully opened up Calicut, India Gains wealth from spices

Portugal Gains strength in Africa Established ports for ships Began extensive trade Stayed along coast Mombassa and Malindi on East African coast

Portugal By the 1600s Portugal’s power declined Lost most power they had in global areas

Spain Desired to catch up to Portugal Ferdinand and Isabella sponsored voyages Bring back greatness Inquisition hurt Spain Line of Demarcation Showed Spain and Portugal as dominant explorers Treaty of Tordesillas W = Spain E = Portugal

Spain Christopher Columbus Desired to reach Asia by sailing west Reached the Caribbean islands West Indies Coined the term “Indians”

Spain Balboa Reached Central America Aided by Natives he traveled across land Found the “South Sea” Actually the Pacific Ocean

Spain Magellan Reached southern tip of S. America Found waterway to the “South Sea” Strait of Magellan to Pacific Ocean Reached Philippines Killed by natives Crew circumnavigated the globe!

Spain Seizes the Philippines Locked a presence in Asia Independent - non united islands Easy to take over Locked a presence in Asia Key trade ports for Spain

Northwest Passage

Northeast Passage

The Netherlands Early 1500s newly independent Late 1500s European leader in commerce Dutch East India Company Sovereign powers with exploration Controlled a monopoly in the Spice Islands Cape Town Key location for trade Refreshing Station

The Netherlands Henry Hudson Hudson Bay Hudson River New York “Even old New York was once New….”

England Queen Elizabeth India Support in education and exploration Fought against French Successful at dominating India British military presence and sepoys Mughal Empire forced to pay taxes to England

England John Cabot Explored coast Newfoundland

France Champlain Cartier Marquette Large control of fur trade Established Quebec Cartier St. Lawrence River Marquette Navigated Northern Mississippi River Large control of fur trade

Asia China Limited traders Heavily watched & forced to leave each year Felt they had reached good heights without outside influences - why start now? Cultural conflicts Language barriers Customary differences

Asia Korea Suffered attacks from Japan Manchus (China) invade cities destroyed & economic hardships Manchus (China) invade Korea established as a tributary state Korea isolated itself for nearly 250 years

Asia Japan Traded with Europeans Feudalism in Japan Daimyo looking for power = guns Christianity begins to take hold Tokugawa alarmed Threatened by Spanish takeover of Phil. Turned to isolation for nearly 200 years