WWII BATTLE < D-Day > BATTLES OF WORLD WAR II By Bianca, Towa, & Maggie

a) Cause of the Battle - by Towa Background to the battle (What events led up to the battle/goals of the battle? Who planned the attack?) D-Day was the start of OPeration “Overlord” - the Allied invasion of Occupied Europe: During World War II (1939-1945), the Battle of Normandy, which lasted from June 1944 to August 1944 resulted in the Allied liberation of Western Europe from Nazi Germany’s control Codenamed Operation Overlord The battle began on June 6, 1944, also known as D-Day early on 6 June, allied airborne forces parachuted into drop zones across northern France ground troops then landed across five assault beaches - Utah, Omaha, Gold, Juno and Sword allied forces launched a combined naval, air and land assault on Nazi-occupied France 156,000 American, British and Canadian forces landed on five beaches along a 50-mile stretch of the heavily fortified coast of France’s Normandy region The invasion was one of the largest amphibious military assaults in history prior to D-Day, the Allies conducted a large-scale deception campaign designed to mislead the Germans about the intended invasion target Jalter. "The 10 Things You Need To Know About D-Day." Imperial War Museums. N.p., 13 Mar. 2014. Web. 04 June 2017.

D-Day

a) Cause of the Battle - by Towa D-Day required detailed planning: Lieutenant-General Frederick Morgan and his team of British, American and Canadian officers submitted plans for the invasion in July 1943 although limited planning for an invasion of Europe began soon after the evacuation of Dunkirk in 1940 detailed preparations for Operation 'Overlord' did not begin until after the Tehran Conference in late 1943 A command team led by American General Dwight D. Eisenhower was formed in December 1943 plan the naval, air and land operations Deception campaigns were developed to draw German attention - and strength - away from Normandy To build up resources for the invasion British factories increased production in the first half of 1944 approximately 9 million tonnes of supplies and equipment crossed the Atlantic from North America to Britain. a substantial Canadian force had been building up in Britain since December 1939 and over 1.4 million American servicemen arrived during 1943 and 1944 to take part in the landings. Jalter. "The 10 Things You Need To Know About D-Day." Imperial War Museums. N.p., 13 Mar. 2014. Web. 04 June 2017.

b) Components of the Battle - Kait What happened during the battle? Help us visualize the timeline of the battle. Use maps or diagrams.

c) Consequences of the Battle - Maggie What was the outcome and effect of the battle? What was the significance of the battle? Only one Canadian unit reached its D-Day objective at the end the first line of German defences had been completely smashed Many Canadian soldiers in the Normandy campaign were young and new to battle their courage and skill meant they often helped lead the Allied advance against a determined enemy Canadians soon captured three shoreline positions on D-Day and established themselves near the village of Creully this was to be only the beginning of the struggle to liberate France savage fighting in Normandy continued grew even more intense as Canadian forces faced powerful German Panzer tank divisions in the struggle for Caen Canadian troops had progressed further inland than any of their Allies it was a remarkable achievement despite casualties being less than expected, it was an expensive one to ensure that D-Day would succeed, 340 Canadians died, 574 injured, and 47 taken prisoner Canada, Veterans Affairs. "Normandy 1944." Veterans Affairs Canada. N.p., 07 Nov. 2014. Web. 04 June 2017.

c) Consequences of the Battle - Maggie The summer of 1944 fighting continued through choking dust and intense heat the conditions were terrible and the enemy was ruthless the troops moved forward A resounding success it was. The end of D-Day the Allies had landed as many as 155,000 troops in France by sea and air, 6,000 vehicles including 900 tanks, 600 guns and about 4,000 tons of supplies the Atlantic Wall had been breached Canadians played an important role in closing the “Falaise Gap” in mid-August the Germans finally retreated in the face of the Allied offensive On August 25, 1944 Paris was liberated by the Allies bringing the Normandy campaign officially to a close Canada, Veterans Affairs. "Normandy 1944." Veterans Affairs Canada. N.p., 07 Nov. 2014. Web. 04 June 2017.

D-day in Numbers History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 01 June 2017.

History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 01 June 2017.

d) Canada’s role in the Battle - Bianca What role did Canada or Canadians play in the battle? 1) Air : The Royal Canadian Air Force flew as a part of the 171 Allied Squadrons that attacked on D-day Canadian pilots fought the Luftwaffe in overcast skies They attacked German formations in the ground And also protected soldiers on the beach 2) Sea : The Royal Canadian Navy provided 109 vessels, and 10,000 sailors They kept the German fleet on their ports (Canadian minesweepers) They helped in clearing the safe path in the English Channel for the invasion fleet. Canada, Veterans Affairs. "Normandy 1944." Veterans Affairs Canada. N.p., 07 Nov. 2014. Web. 31 May 2017.

HMCS Algonquin and HMCS Sioux What role did Canada or Canadians play in the battle? The Canadian destroyers stopped enemy’s batteries They also fired to assist the ground HMCS Algonquin and HMCS Sioux HMCS ALGONQUIN R17 / 224 - For Posterity's Sake. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 June 2017. H.M.C.S. Sioux. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 June 2017.

HMCS Prince Henry and Prince David What role did Canada or Canadians play in the battle? These merchant cruises were armed and carried troops and landing craft They returned to England with Canadian wounded HMCS Prince Henry and Prince David HMCS PRINCE HENRY F70 - For Posterity's Sake. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 June 2017. HMCS Prince David - For Posterity's Sake. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 June 2017.

d) Canada’s role in the Battle - Bianca What role did Canada or Canadians play in the battle? 3) Land : 450 Canadians (with allied paratroopers) captured a German headquarters destroyed a key bridge seized an important crossroads Sowed confusion and disorder within enemy ranks. Night---Canadian troops had moved forward the furthest among its allies. Canada, Veterans Affairs. "Normandy 1944." Veterans Affairs Canada. N.p., 07 Nov. 2014. Web. 31 May 2017. Hi Bianca, on the page 13, there have same information with me. Do you wanna I change that or you wanna to write other something? Or can we just use same information~? @Maggie, you can use it,

e) Primary document Analysis Andrews, Harold John (Jack) Memoir: My diary for 5 June reads - confined to camp. The next day was D- day and we worked around the clock. The Flight-Sergeant took the 8 AM to 8 PM shift and I had the 8 PM to 8AM shift. We had the crew split up into two sections so that we were ready for anything. By now there were no raids by enemy bombers, only V1 and later V2 rockets, which didn't come up to Yorkshire. When we had to work at night, with a cloud cover of any proportion, they turned on the camp searchlights trained on the cloud and we had sufficient light to do our work. I didn't know what our part of the invasion was, but our a/c were on the go constantly. Losses were very few. 21 June our squadron went on daylight operations with no losses. "Search The Archive." Andrews, Harold John (Jack) Memoir: | Canadian Letters. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 June 2017. Limited, Alamy. "Stock Photo - 1944 Evening News (London) front page reporting D-Day landings of Allies at Normandy." Alamy. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 June 2017.