U.S. History Final Exam Review Mr. Cross PART II Semester B 2011-2012

WORLD WAR II Treaty of Versailles Adolf Hitler Josef Stalin Fascism Ends WWI Punishes Germany Cripples German economy, military and society Direct cause of WWII Adolf Hitler Rises to power in Germany in early 1930s Uses public speaking skills, propaganda and manipulation of Anti-Semitic feelings to become dictator Begins building up German military immediately Josef Stalin Fascist dictator of Soviet Union Comes to power in early 1920s Collectivizes Soviet farms, begins rapid industrialization Fascism Placing the needs and prosperity of the nation far above the rights and needs of the individual Usually involves a powerful, centralized government led by a dictator

WORLD WAR II Course of the WWII in Europe Annexes Austria (03/1938) Hitler begins massive buildup/rearmament of German military Places thousands of troops in the Rhineland near France (03/1936) Direct violation of treaty of Versailles Annexes Austria (03/1938) Anschluss Another direct violation of the Treaty of Versailles Nazi occupation of Sudetenland (Czechoslovakia) (10/1938) Nazis conquer rest of Czechoslovakia (03/1939) Sign Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact (08/1939) Nazi invasion of Poland (09/1939) France and Britain declare war on Nazi Germany Event that sparks the beginning of WWII

WORLD WAR II Appeasement Operation Barbarossa (06/1941) Blitzkrieg Allied leaders allowed Hitler to build up German military, annex former territories and completely violate the Treaty of Versailles Operation Barbarossa (06/1941) Hitler goes back on non-aggression pact w/ Soviet Union Begins invasion of the Soviet Union that would ultimately cost the Nazis the war Opened a two-front war Blitzkrieg German for “lightning war” Fast moving attacks using tanks, armored vehicles and aircraft Axis Powers Germany, Japan, Italy Allies U.S., Britain, Soviet Union

WORLD WAR II American Involvement in WWII U.S. passes a series of Neutrality Acts in the mid-1930’s Taking strong isolationist approach Prohibited the sale of weapons, munitions and war related resources to nations at War Isolationism U.S. should avoid any entangling alliances that would pull them into another foreign war Internationalism U.S. should use its power and influence to “police the world” Cash & Carry U.S. becoming less and less isolationist Sells weapons to Allies as long as the Allies paid cash and transported the weapons/vehicles themselves Lend/Lease U.S. begins lending military goods to Britain and Soviet Union in order to fight the Nazis U.S. is clearly on the side of/aiding the Allies…

WORLD WAR II Japan attacks U.S. Naval Base at Pearl Harbor, HI U.S. immediately declares war upon Japan, enters WWII Battle of Midway Huge naval victory for U.S. Navy against Japan Destroyed/incapacitated four Japanese main aircraft carriers Turned tide of war in Pacific in favor of the Allies “Island Hopping” campaign U.S. forces begin conquering small islands off the coast of Australia on a NW path the ultimate objective, an invasion of Japan Guadalcanal, Kawajalein, Guam, Philipines, Leyte Gulf, Iwo Jima War in Pacific ultimately ends with the use of nuclear weapons against two large Japanese industrial cities Hiroshima and Nagasaki Codenamed “Fat Man” and “Little Boy” As tide turns in Europe, Allies launch D-Day Invasions “Operation Overlord,” June 6th, 1944 Beginning of the end for Germany

WORLD WAR II The Holocaust Nazi genocide of over 6 million European Jews and other minorities “Final Solution” Concentration Camps Prisoners sent to work, starved/worked to death Many concentration camps built within and near Germany Extermination/Death Camps Prisoners sent for the purpose of being killed in large numbers using Cyanide and other poisonous gases All Extermination camps were built outside of Germany for very specific reasons