Enzymes: “Helper” Protein molecules 2009-2010

Chemical reactions of life Processes of life ______________ molecules ______________ + +

Nothing works without enzymes! How important are enzymes? ____________________________________________________________________ building molecules ___________________ breaking down molecules __________________________________ “catalysts” enzyme + enzyme We can’t live without enzymes! +

Examples __________________ + enzyme __________________ + enzyme

Enzymes are proteins ________________________________________________________________________ each enzyme needs to be the ___________ for the job enzymes are named for the reaction they help ___________ breaks down ___________ ___________ breakdown ___________ ___________ builds ___________ Oh, I get it! They end in -ase

Enzymes aren’t used up ____________________________________ used only temporarily re-used again for the same reaction with other molecules very little enzyme needed to help in many reactions ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________

It’s shape that matters! _______________________ ________________ allows enzyme & substrate to fit ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________

1 2 3

Enzyme vocabulary _________________ _________________________ helper protein molecule molecule that enzymes work on _________________________ what the enzyme helps produce from the reaction part of enzyme that substrate molecule fits into

What affects enzyme action _______________________________ correct order of amino acids _______________________

Order of amino acids _______________________________________

Temperature Effect on rates of enzyme activity _________________________ greatest number of collisions between enzyme & substrate human enzymes = ___________________________________ _________________________________ molecules move slower decrease collisions

Temperature What’s happening here?! reaction rate temperature

pH Effect on rates of enzyme activity ____________________________________ depends on where in body pepsin (stomach) = pH 3 trypsin (small intestines) = pH 8

pH stomach pepsin intestines trypsin reaction rate pH 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 What’s happening here?! reaction rate 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 pH

For enzymes… What matters? __________! 2009-2010