Angela L. Ridgel, PhD, Corey A. Peacock, MS, Emily J

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Active-Assisted Cycling Improves Tremor and Bradykinesia in Parkinson's Disease Angela L. Ridgel, PhD, Corey A. Peacock, MS, Emily J. Fickes, PhD, Chul-Ho Kim, PhD Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 93, Issue 11, Pages 2049-2054 (November 2012) DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2012.05.015 Copyright © 2012 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Time domain accelerometer signals recorded on the x-axis using the Kinesia during the resting tremor task from a subject with a significant resting tremor while OFF medication (tremor score—2.3 out of 4). (A) ON medication (tremor score—3.4 out of 4). (B) OFF medication pre-AAC (tremor score—1.0 out of 4). (C) OFF medication post-AAC. The magnitude of tremor in this individual increased in the OFF pre-AAC medication state but decreased in the post-AAC state. Each graph shows a 5-second recording. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2012 93, 2049-2054DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2012.05.015) Copyright © 2012 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Combined tremor scores as measured with Kinesia. (A) Individual subject scores while ON medication, OFF medication pre-AAC, and OFF medication post-AAC; 78% of the participants showed improvements in tremor in the OFF post-AAC condition. (B) Average tremor scores of 9 participants with PD. There was a significant increase in tremor score between the ON and OFF pre-AAC medication states. OFF post-AAC tremor scores were similar to ON medication scores. Error bars indicate standard error of the mean. *P<.05. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2012 93, 2049-2054DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2012.05.015) Copyright © 2012 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Bradykinesia variables as measured with Kinesia. Average movement speed of 9 participants with PD. There was a significant decrease in movement speed between the ON and OFF pre-AAC medication states. OFF post-AAC movement speed was similar to ON medication scores. *P<.001. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2012 93, 2049-2054DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2012.05.015) Copyright © 2012 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions