HW #4, Due Sep. 21 Ch. 2: P28, PH8, PH16 Ch. 3: P3, P5

Lecture 8 (chapter 2 continued) Quick Review: Refraction in Nature (Mirages, Halos, Rainbows,..) This Lecture: Chapter 3 (Lenses and Mirrors)

Mirages, Rainbows, Halos, Sun Dogs…. Next Refraction in Nature Mirages, Rainbows, Halos, Sun Dogs….

Mirages and Atmospheric Distortions sunset mirage

Mirage

Dispersion Refractive Index varies with Wavelength : n() Dispersion in a prism * Prism Refraction http://microscopy.fsu.edu/primer/java/prism/index.html http://www.techxhome.com/lightsite/optics/refraction/monoPrism.html refraction & refl. http://www.techxhome.com/lightsite/optics/dispersion/whitePrism.html dispersion

Rainbow

Rainbow *Rainbow http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/java/Rainbow/rainbow.html http://www.techxhome.com/lightsite/optics/dispersion/raindrop.html rain drop

Ice Crystals

Sun Dogs

Halos

22 degree halo

22 degree halo

46 degree halos

Chapter 3 Mirrors and Lenses Read 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 (A, B, C* , D), 3.4, 3.5** * Anamorphic Art ** Aberrations

Flat mirror revisited virtual image Read Text about the Kaleidoscope

(simply apply the law of reflection) Spherical Mirrors Where is the image? What is the field of view? Ray Tracing (simply apply the law of reflection)

Reflection in Curved Mirrors Convex and Concave Mirrors

axis O C F center focal point Paraxial Rays: Rays that are close to the axis

Ray Rules for a Convex Mirror Ray Rule 1: All rays incident parallel to the axis are reflected so that they appear to be coming form the the focal point, F. Ray Rule 2: All rays that (when extended) pass through center C are reflected back to themselves. Ray Rule 3: All rays that (when extended) pass through F are reflected back parallel to the axis.

C F O 1 C F O 3 C F O 2

Locating the Image Mirrors *Concave Mirrors http://www.techxhome.com/lightsite/optics/mirrors/sphereMirror.html *Concave Lens: virtual image *Convex Mirrors http://www.techxhome.com/lightsite/optics/mirrors/mirrorAberr.html spherical aberration

“Hand with Reflecting Globe” M. C. Escher, “Hand with Reflecting Globe” Fig 3.9

Concave Mirror axis O C F center focal point

Ray Rules for a Concave Mirror Ray Rule 1: All rays incident parallel to the axis are reflected so that they appear to be coming form the the focal point, F. Ray Rule 2: All rays that (when extended) pass through center C are reflected back to themselves. Ray Rule 3: All rays that (when extended) pass through F are reflected back parallel to the axis.

*Concave Mirrors http://www.techxhome.com/lightsite/optics/mirrors/sphereMirror.html

Lenses

*Magnification (Magnifying Glass) http://microscopy.fsu.edu/primer/java/microscopy/simplemagnification/index.html * Lens Action (Many Applets) http://microscopy.fsu.edu/primer/lightandcolor/javalens.html http://www.techxhome.com/lightsite/optics/lenses/principleRays.html principle rays *Thick Lens (Spherical Aberration) http://www.cbu.edu/%7Ejvarrian/applets/lens3/thickl_z.htm

Fresnel Lenses