Friday: Bellwork IFC

Bellwork: Tuesday T/F Energy from the sun can be used to make electricity All of earths resources will last forever Food, cloth, rope, lumber, paper and rubber all come from plants Human activity can negatively affect earths resources

Tuesday: EQ: How do humans impact earth’s natural resources. Think central digital lesson: Unit 4, lesson 1

Wednesday - BELLWORK IFC: Is water a renewable or nonrenewable resource? EXPLAIN List some reasons why you need water.

Human impact on Earth OBJ: EQ: How do humans impact water resources OBJ: I can identify sources and types of water pollution

Why is Water important? Water shapes earth’s surface Affects weather and climate Vital for life: Every living thing is made up of water and life processes use water.

Where do we get fresh water?

Where do we get fresh water

Where do we get fresh water Surface Water – water above ground Snow, ice, rivers, streams, lakes Ground Water – water in spaces below earth’s surface In aquifers – a body of rock or sediment that can store a lot of water – allows it to flow

What are water quality and Supply Water quality – measures how clean or polluted water is Water supply – measures the availability of water. influences where farmers grow crops influences where cities are built Potable water – drinkable water

What threatens fresh water quality Water pollution – when waste or other material is added to water so that it is harmful to organisms that drink it or live in it. Point source – comes from one specific source Ex: chem. Spill, factory waste Non-point source – comes from many small sources, more difficult to identify. Ex city street run off, fertilizer run off, mines

Identify as point source or non point source

What are some types of water pollution? Thermal pollution Chemical pollution Biological pollution Eutorphication

Thermal pollution Heating of water sources Ex power plants release warm water that has been used to cool equipment

Chemical Pollution http://www.tourdeturtles.org/flash/WaterQuality. swf When harmful chemicals are added to water supplies Ex – pesticides, fertilizers, acid rain, chem. Waste from factories

Biological Pollution Live or dead organisms are added to water supplies. Waste water – used in homes contains bacteria and other microbes

Eutrophication Increased nutrient levels in water from fertilizer run off cause fast growth of algae Kills fish

Exit: Identify the type of water pollution.

How is water treated? Screens take out large debris Chemicals clump smaller particles together The clumps drop out of the water which removes harmful microbes Air is bubbled through the water to make it potable.

Bellwork T/F Urban areas have more open areas than rural areas do Many building materials are made from land resources Soil provides a habitat for plants but not animals Soil can erode when trees are removed from areas All of earths resources will last forever Food, cloth, rope, lumber, and paper come from plants Human activity can negatively affect earths resources

EQ: What effect do humans have on land? Obj. I can describe human impacts on land because I can list types of land use and identify types of land degradation

Why is land important? Provides: Supplies solid surface for buildings and roads Nutrients for plants Habitat for animals ProvidesFossil fuels and minerals

What are different types of land use? 1. Recreational Natural areas that humans have left alone (wild places) Ex. Hiking, mt. climbing

2. Transportation Roads and train tracks connect urban and rural areas

3. agricultural Farming – crops and livestock

4. Residential – where people live Rural areas Low density population Areas of open land Urban areas Densely populated Small amount of natural land Urbanization – growth of urban areas caused by people moving into urban areas Land is replaced by buildings and parking lots

5. Commercial and industrial More business and factories replace land and use land resources (trees, soil, minerals) List 2 types of commercial or industrial land use that you can see around the school.

What are different types of land use Pair Share: Imagine you live here. Choose any of the land uses shown and describe why it might be important to you

Label the types of land use seen in the picture below (Assume the restaurant sells the coconuts from the trees and there is a road between the hotel and the condos that leads to the beach)

How do human activities affect land and soil?: Land Degradation - process by which human activities and natural process damage land so it cannot support an ecosystem

Land degradation: Urban sprawl When cities spread out Shopping centers, roadsand housing replace land Less soil = more runoff from the parking lots

Land Degradation: erosion Wind, water, gravity transport soil and sediments. , fewer trees = more erosion and land degradation

Land degradation: Nutrient Depletion and pollution As farmers plant the same crops in the same place, the nutrients are depleted Industrial pollution and chemical wastes – kill organisms in the soil

Land Degradation: Desertification https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w9RxnuBiFbg As you watch: what is desertification What causes desertification Over time, the land becomes desertlike and unable to support life Caused by overgrazing, logging, and soil erosion

Land degradation: Deforestation Removal of trees and other vegetation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M4jhjt1_eyM Caused by logging, mining, urbanization, and farming.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M4jhjt1_eyM deforestation video clip Listen for 3 causes of deforestion Listen for 2 environmental effects of deforestation

Exit: describe the type of land use:

bellwork 1. Name 4 uses of Land 2. The bar graph below compares the populations of four places—A, B, C, and D. Each area is the same size. · Which bar most likely shows an urban area? Why? · Which bar probably shows a rural area? Why? · Which bar most likely shows a natural area? Why? 3. What is land degradation? Name 5 types  

Bellwork What is deforestation? What is desertification What are nitrates? Nitrates are used in What kind of water pollution is this? What happened to the Nitrate level from 1993 to 2003? During which 2 years did the nitrate level increase the most? What kinds of human activity could have increased the nitrate levels in the water

Bellwork: Get out a new piece of notebook paper. You will be taking your own Cornell notes today. Copy the title of the section on the top: Human impact on the Atmosphere Below it write the EQ: How do humans impact the atmosphere? 4. Below that, write the objective: I can describe human impact on the atmosphere because I can list and describe types of air pollution 5. Make a column in the far left margin for the questions you will answer as you read the text.

Atomosphere Notes: Human impact On The atomosphere: Answer the following questions in Cornell Notes form on another piece of paper: Be sure to write the question. Why is the atmosphere important (3 reasons) Define Greenhouse Effect What is Air pollution (give 2 examples) What pollutants form from Vehicle exhaust (name 2) What is smog What is acid precipitation What are the effects of acid precipitation What is air quality and how is it measured (2 ways) How does air pollution impact health (copy chart of short- term and long term effects)

How do human activities impact the atomosphere?

Why is air important? Provides gases we need to survive Absorbs radiation Keeps earth warm Green house effect – gases in the atmosphere absorb and give off thermal energy

What is Air pollution The contamination of the atmosphere by human and natural sources Natural = volcanos, fires, dust storms Human = burning fossil fuels, manufacturing

What are types of air pollution 1. gases – carbon dioxide, sulfer, nitrogen oxide 2.Particulates – solid suspended in air or water (smoke, ash)

4. Pollutants come from cars Ground level ozone – from sunlight reacting with vehicle exhaust Smog – when ground level ozone and vehicle exhaust react with sunlight

5. Acid rain Rain, sleet or snow that contains acids from air pollution Form when atmospheric acid reacts and forms sulfuric and nitric acid Causes change in soil and water acidity and affects plant and animal habitats

What are measures of Air pollution Air quality – how clean or polluted teh air is Air quality index(AQI) – number telling the quality in a city – higher number = more health hazards

How does air quality affect health Short term – coughing, headaches, and wheezing. Long term – lung cancer, emphysema

How do we protect Earths resources Conservation – the wise use of natural resources How do we protect the Land: Preservation – protecting land from being changed Reforestation – planting new trees Reclamation – fix damaged land areas Reduce Urban sprawl (vertical development in the city) Recycle – recover valuable materials from waste or scrap Soil Conservation – crop rotation

How do we preserve water resources Conservation – use less water Ex. Shorter showers, low flow toilets, better irrigation systems

How do we reduce air pollution Energy conservation Technology – alternative energy sources Laws – limiting amount of toxic chemicals that can be released

Bellwork: At the bottom of yesterday’s notes write: How does population impact the environment? - define population – (look up definition on p. 524 of green book) - define carrying capacity – - Draw and label the line graph showing population growth and carrying capacity (figure 3 on p. 525)

Lorax – Human impact on the Environment As you watch the video, look for examples of: Populations Deforestation Desertification point and non point source pollution Water quality urban sprawl Particulates chemical pollution air quality smog carrying capacity