Liming and Liming Materials

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Presentation transcript:

Liming and Liming Materials

pH value defines relative acidity or basicity 9.0 8.0 Basicity Most Productive Soils pH value defines relative acidity or basicity 7.0 Neutrality 6.0 Acidity 5.0 pH = - log[H+] 4.0

What Causes Soil Acidity? Rainfall leaches basic elements (Ca++, Mg++, Na+, K+) Acidic parent material granite more acidic than shale or sandstone Organic Matter OM decay produce H+ Harvest of high yielding crops most significant role

- - - - clay - - - - - - - Soil Acidity H+ Al3+ H+ H+ H+ H+ Ca2+ (Cation Exchange) (Soil Solution) H+ Ca2+ pH = - log[H+]

How Lime Reduces Soil Acidity A Ca2+ ion from the lime replaces two H+ ions on the cation exchange complex The H+ ions combine with OH- to form water Soil pH increases because the acidity source (H+) has been reduced

Neutralizing Acidity with Lime CaCO3 + H2O Ca++ + HCO3- + OH- Displaces Al & H from Clay Breaks down to carbon dioxide + water Combines with H+ released from the clay or from Al-OH to form water

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - How Lime Works clay clay CaCO3 (Lime) Ca++ + HCO3- + OH- - - - - - - clay Ca2+ - - - - - + H2O + CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) (Water)

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - How Lime Works clay clay Al+++ - - clay - - - - - CaCO3 (Lime) Ca++ + HCO3- + OH- - - - - H2O - - clay Ca2+ - - - - - Al+++ + 2H2O --> Al(OH)2+ + 2H+ Al(OH)2+ + H2O + CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) (Water)

Lime Materials: Effectiveness is Determined: Particle Size Neutralizing Power

10 mesh 1/8” 3/16” 20 mesh 1/4” 100 mesh 1/2” 200 mesh 3/4”

FINENESS PPI

AgLime Mesh Size Specifications: Virginia Ground Limestone Mesh Guar. to Pass 20 90% 60 50% 100 30% Pulverized Lime 20 95% 100 70%

Neutralizing Power or Calcium Carbonate Equivalency (CCE) CaCO3 set to 100. All other materials compared to it.

Neutralizing Value (CCE) of Pure Compounds

Lime Neutralizing Power Purity: minimum calcium carbonate equivalency (CCE) of 85%

Properties of various lime materials

Which Lime Should I Use? Dolomitic Calcitic Hydrated Burned Suspension Pelleted Ag Marl

Liming When is the best time to apply?

Apply Lime Well Ahead of Planting

5.0 6.0 7.0 Sandy Loam Silt Loam 1.5 tons 2.5 tons pH