Roosevelt and the New Deal 1932-1945

Hoover attempts to fix the economy Hoover’s actions are limited Hoover uses the Government Hawley-Smoot Tariff – highest import tax in American History Other nations raised their tariffs on American exports International trade came to a stand-still Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) Gave credit to institutions (railroads, insurance companies, etc.) Gave money to banks so they could extend loans

Franklin Roosevelt to the Rescue https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Deue0fLd1V4

Bonus Army 20,000 unemployed World War I veterans marched to Washington to demand pensions for their service in World War I Money was denied by the Senate Marchers camped out in Washington in shacks Hoover ordered the Army to remove them Much violence and several injuries Burning of Bonus Army shacks

The New Deal Roosevelt’s plan to restore and rebuild the American economy using government expansion and intervention Included many new government agencies Very experimental Appealed to the American people, even though they weren’t quite sure what it would look like

Financial Institutions Ordered all banks closed for four days Passed the Emergency Banking Act Allowed the government to inspect the health of the banks People became more confident in the banks when the government began to regulate them, and returned to put money in. Established the Federal Insurance Deposit Corporation (FDIC) – Insures deposits Confidence in banks returned, and people put money back in

Works Progress Administration Works Progress Administration (WPA) Employed millions of Americans Undertook many public works projects Largest part of The New Deal

Public Works Projects Civilian Works Administration (CWA) Put the unemployed to work building road, airports, parks, and other facilities Tremendous morale booster for Americans Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Put over two million young unmarried men to work maintaining beaches, forests, and parks Low pay, but they lived in camps and were provided food

More New Deal Programs Agriculture Adjustment Act (AAA) Subsidized farms to cut production rather than expand But lowering the supply, Roosevelt sough to raise the price, helping the farmers. Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Building hydroelectric facilities Helped farmers with cheap electricity and flood control Federal Housing Administration (FHA) Protects mortgages and provides more rights to home owners Grants loans to purchase homes

The Blue Ridge Parkway The Golden Gate Bridge Dealey Plaza Fiorello LaGuardia Airport

The New Deal in Arizona Encanto Park, Phoenix Bisbee Stairs, Bisbee Hoover Dam, Mohave County Phoenix College, Phoenix South Mountain Park, Phoenix Historic Buildings of University of Arizona, Tucson Prescott Armory Refurbishment, Prescott

Yup…there’s more… Social Security System Provides financial security to Americans who cannot take care of themselves Three types: Old-age pensions –paid by workers and employers Unemployment insurance – money distributed to works who lost their jobs Aid for the disabled Wagner Act – Union negotiating practices collective bargaining closed shops

Hooray for women!!! Roosevelt nominates the first woman to a cabinet post in United States History Francis Perkins was sworn in as the 4th United States Secretary of Labor in 1933