A Standard at a Time: Understanding World Geography Reporting Category #2: Geography WG.03B WG.3.B Describe the physical processes that affect the environments of regions, INCLUDING weather, tectonic forces, erosion, and soilbuilding processes

PHYSICAL PROCESSES: How do physical forces affect a region? WG.3.B Describe the physical processes that affect the environments of regions, INCLUDING weather, tectonic forces, erosion, and soilbuilding processes [READINESS STANDARD]

Which words do you know, and which do you need help with? Tectonic Forces Erosion Tsunami Weathering Spreading Adaptation Lithosphere Subduction Modification

Can you guess what country this is? How many “regions” do you see? Coastal Plains Interior Lowlands Great Plains Basin and Ridge Appalachian Mountains Rocky Mountains Coastal Ridge SOURCE: http://ned.usgs.gov/images/nedus2.gif

What stands out on this map? Now, what do you see? What stands out on this map? Coastal Plains Interior Lowlands Great Plains Basin and Ridge Appalachian Mountains Rocky Mountains Coastal Ridge SOURCE: http://ned.usgs.gov/images/nedus2.gif SOURCE: http://ned.usgs.gov/images/nedus2.gif

How do “tectonic forces” affect a region? THE HESS CONVECTION CURRENT ‘SLAB-PULL’- ‘RIDGE PUSH’ MODEL Continents pushed apart by ‘Ridge-Push’ Subduction of oceanic Crust by ‘Slab Pull’ Magma Ridge-Push by diverging convection currents Subduction by converging convection currents Continental Crust pulled over the Oceanic Crust LITHOSPHERE (Tectonic means “building”. The earth is “building” itself by building its lithosphere) Describe what you see in the diagram http://www.tectonic-forces.org/simplified.htm SOURCE: http://www.tectonic-forces.org/simplified.htm SOURCE: http://ned.usgs.gov/images/nedus2.gif

How do “tectonic forces” affect a region? SOURCE: http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Imgs/Jpg/Rainier/Images/Rainier75_mount_rainier_from_paradise_1975.jpg SOURCE: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/SUNSET_ROCKS_San_Andreas_Fault.jpg/220px-SUNSET_ROCKS_San_Andreas_Fault.jpg SOURCE: http://www.tectonic-forces.org/simplified.htm http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Imgs/Jpg/Rainier/Images/Rainier75_mount_rainier_from_paradise_1975.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/SUNSET_ROCKS_San_Andreas_Fault.jpg/220px-SUNSET_ROCKS_San_Andreas_Fault.jpg http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQMNSZyr704YbsHzkKzoVgEQjSXyh914FL1FqR6sKnfgmUKbaBJxzDiBmrv-Q http://cdn.thetechjournal.com/wp-content/uploads/HLIC/d4a50ef8a915d18b07b4fdd9e4384789 Famous Fault in California? SOURCE: http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQMNSZyr704YbsHzkKzoVgEQjSXyh914FL1FqR6sKnfgmUKbaBJxzDiBmrv-Q SOURCE: http://cdn.thetechjournal.com/wp-content/uploads/HLIC/d4a50ef8a915d18b07b4fdd9e4384789.jpg

How does “erosion” affect a region? WATER WIND SOURCE: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Im_Salar_de_Uyuni.jpg SOURCE: http://www.visualphotos.com/photo/1x6578171/Water_Erosion_6E9803.jpg DESCRIBE WHAT’S HAPPENING TO THE LAND SOURCE: http://thewatchers.adorraeli.com/2011/08/08/the-first-true-view-of-global-erosion/ http://soilerosion.net/image/rottingdean_erosion.jpg http://shelledy.mesa.k12.co.us/staff/computerlab/images/GJ_Geography_weathering.jpg http://www.visualphotos.com/photo/1x6578171/Water_Erosion_6E9803 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Im_Salar_de_Uyuni.jpg Lahar SOIL GRAVITY SOURCE: http://shelledy.mesa.k12.co.us/staff/computerlab/images/GJ_Geography_weathering.jpg SOURCE: http://soilerosion.net/image/rottingdean_erosion.jpg

How does “weather” affect a region? SOURCE: http://media.treehugger.com/assets/images/2011/10/20100811-monsoon-rain.jpg SOURCE: http://www.yourdictionary.com/images/articles/lg/1434.Tornado.jpg DESCRIBE WHAT’S HAPPENING TO THE LAND SOURCE: http://thewatchers.adorraeli.com/2011/08/08/the-first-true-view-of-global-erosion/ http://media.treehugger.com/assets/images/2011/10/20100811-monsoon-rain http://www.yourdictionary.com/images/articles/lg/1434.Tornado.jpg http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQw1_nk8V57rwCCbVAgcHCRsvKGWyqvxfPUlF4ZblfjAYT6TsYuKA http://www.israelshamir.net/Images/Tsunami.jpg SOURCE: http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQw1_nk8V57rwCCbVAgcHCRsvKGWyqvxfPUlF4ZblfjAYT6TsYuKA SOURCE: http://www.israelshamir.net/Images/Tsunami.jpg

How does a region affect the weather? SOURCE: http://www.photologger.co.cc/Games/orographic-effect.html http://www.sonoma.edu/users/f/freidel/global/372lec2images.htm http://faculty.fortlewis.edu/dott_c/bio%20250-swecol/lecture%20topics%20-%20learning%20goals%20&%20hw/5-regionalclimate.htm SOURCE: http://www.sonoma.edu/users/f/freidel/global/372lec2images.htm SOURCE: http://faculty.fortlewis.edu/dott_c/bio%20250-swecol/lecture%20topics%20-%20learning%20goals%20&%20hw/5-regionalclimate.htm Windward vs. Leeward

Where would the “orographic effect” be most likely? Coastal Plains Interior Lowlands Great Plains Basin and Ridge Appalachian Mountains Rocky Mountains Coastal Ridge http://thewatchers.adorraeli.com/2011/08/08/the-first-true-view-of-global-erosion/ http://www.pamsclipart.com/clipart_images/sun_rising_in_the_desert_icon_0515-1002-2623-5439_SMU.jpg http://www.efdlrs.com/~sunrise/wondersofword/media/hurricane.jpg SOURCE: http://ned.usgs.gov/images/nedus2.gif

SOURCE: http://www.i-fink.com/articles/articles/el_nino/ What is El Nino? Ocean winds change yearly, causing “lethal heatwaves in India and Texas, rainfall in Texas, late monsoons, fires in the Indonesian rainforests, floods in Bangladesh and China, mudslides in California, drought in Australia and harvest failures in Africa.” http://www.i-fink.com/articles/articles/el_nino/ NORMAL EL NINO

The same tectonic force, many continents… Let’s look again at “Tectonic Forces” The same tectonic force, many continents… THE HESS CONVECTION CURRENT ‘SLAB-PULL’- ‘RIDGE PUSH’ MODEL Continents pushed apart by ‘Ridge-Push’ Subduction of oceanic Crust by ‘Slab Pull’ Magma Ridge-Push by diverging convection currents Subduction by converging convection currents Continental Crust pulled over the Oceanic Crust LITHOSPHERE (Tectonic means “building”. The earth is “building” itself by building its lithosphere.) http://www.tectonic-forces.org/simplified.htm http://www.tectonic-forces.org/simplified.htm http://www.worldatlas.com/aatlas/infopage/ringfire.htm SOURCE: http://www.worldatlas.com/aatlas/infopage/ringfire.htm

Human Impact or Natural Disaster Human Impact or Natural Disaster? Use the word wall words to describe what you see SOURCE: http://www.dosomething.org/tipsandtools/11-facts-about-floods SOURCE: http://www.dosomething.org/tipsandtools/11-facts-about-floods

Human Impact or Natural Disaster Human Impact or Natural Disaster? Use the word wall words to describe what you see “Deforestation”, this is a human impact on the environment. SOURCE: http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/green-science/deforestation.htm SOURCE: http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/green-science/deforestation.htm

Human Impact or Natural Disaster Human Impact or Natural Disaster? Use the word wall words to describe what you see SOURCE: http://gmcropss.yolasite.com/drought-tolerance.php SOURCE: http://gmcropss.yolasite.com/drought-tolerance.php

What’s the connection among these disasters? SOURCE: http://cdn.thetechjournal.com/wp-content/uploads/HLIC/d4a50ef8a915d18b07b4fdd9e4384789 Volcano, earth quake, fault l http://www.dailygalaxy.com/my_weblog/2008/07/san-andreas-fau.html http://www.dosomething.org/tipsandtools/11-facts-about-volcanoes http://cdn.thetechjournal.com/wp-content/uploads/HLIC/d4a50ef8a915d18b07b4fdd9e4384789 SOURCE: http://www.dosomething.org/tipsandtools/11-facts-about-volcanoes They happen when the earth is active SOURCE: http://www.dailygalaxy.com/my_weblog/2008/07/san-andreas-fau.html SOURCE: http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2011/03/pictures/110311-tsunami-earthquake-japan-hawaii-science-world-waves/

What’s the connection among these disasters? They were influenced by human impact SOURCE: http://www.treehugger.com/clean-technology/is-the-amazon-rainforest-worth-an-18-billion-bailout.html SOURCE: http://www.katrina.com/ SOURCE: http://www.treehugger.com/clean-technology/is-the-amazon-rainforest-worth-an-18-billion-bailout.html http://www.theepochtimes.com/n2/china-news/southwest-china-water-shortage-yunnan-drought-32075.html http://www.weru.ksu.edu/new_weru/multimedia/dustbowl/dustbowlpics.html http://www.katrina.com/ SOURCE: http://www.theepochtimes.com/n2/china-news/southwest-china-water-shortage-yunnan-drought-32075 SOURCE: http://www.weru.ksu.edu/new_weru/multimedia/dustbowl/dustbowlpics.html

What’s the connection among these disasters? SOURCE: http://www.israelshamir.net/Images/Tsunami.jpg SOURCE: http://www.yourdictionary.com/images/articles/lg/1434.Tornado Volcano, earth quake, fault line, tsunami They happen because of air or water SOURCE: http://media.treehugger.com/assets/images/2011/10/20100811-monsoon-rain.jpg SOURCE: http://gmcropss.yolasite.com/drought-tolerance.php

Modifying vs. Adapting SOURCE: http://www.travelblog.org/Photos/5226273 SOURCE: http://electrical-engineering-asif-asif.blogspot.com/2011/07/what-is-wind-power.html What’s the difference between “modifying” and “adapting to” the environment?

What adaptations and modifications do you see? SOURCE: http://www.fix.net/wreil/Gran-Sasso-Trip-Photo-Gallery.htm SOURCE: http://electrical-engineering-asif-asif.blogspot.com/2011/07/what-is-wind-power.html SOURCE: http://electrical-engineering-asif-asif.blogspot.com/2011/07/what-is-wind-power http://www.travelblog.org/Photos/5226273 http://www.fix.net/wreil/Gran-Sasso-Trip-Photo-Gallery.htm aecom.com SOURCE: aecom.com SOURCE: http://www.travelblog.org/Photos/5226273 What were they designed to accomplish?

What adaptations and modifications do you see? SOURCE: http://greensolutionsexpress.com/building-solar-panels/solar-power-house-2-2 SOURCE: http://listphobia.com/2008/11/04/10-largest-suspension-bridges/ SOURCE: http://greensolutionsexpress.com/building-solar-panels/solar-power-house-2-2 http://listphobia.com/2008/11/04/10-largest-suspension-bridges/ http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=882 http://www.howitworksdaily.com/science/how-do-fans-make-you-feel-cooler/ SOURCE: http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=882 SOURCE: http://www.howitworksdaily.com/science/how-do-fans-make-you-feel-cooler/ What were they designed to accomplish?

Modification or Adaptation? Seismograph detects earthquakes by measuring the size of the waves The Richter Scale uses information collected by seismographs to determine the strength of an earthquake

What does this culture value? How did they modify the environment? How would you describe their level of technology? SOURCE: http://www.travelblog.org/Photos/5226273

What does this culture value? SOURCE: aecom.com How did they modify the environment? How would you describe their level of technology?

Does Laredo face any natural hazards? Name them? Type Count Avalanche: Blizzard: 2 Cold: 13 Dense Fog: 1 Drought: 97 Dust Storm: Flood: 541 Hail: 796 Heat: 5 Heavy Snow: 22 High Surf: Hurricane: Ice Storm: Landslide: Strong Wind: 41 Thunder storm Winds: 539 Tropical Storm: Wildfire: 15 Winter Storm: 10 Winter Weather: Does Laredo face any natural hazards? Name them? http://www.usa.com/laredo-tx-area-natural-disasters-extremes.htm