October 7th Write the following question in your notebook:

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Presentation transcript:

October 7th Write the following question in your notebook: What are the similarities and differences between Legalist and Confucius philosophy?

October 8th Write the following question & answer it in your notebook: What is emphasized in legalism?

I am collecting NOTEBOOKS TODAY! October 9th TO DO: Take out your Confucius & Menicus documents & notebook I am collecting NOTEBOOKS TODAY! THIS NEEDS TO BE DONE! SYNTHESIS: What are the similarities and differences between Legalist and Confucius philosophy?

Timeline of Chinese Dynasties: Song Dynasty 16 Kingdoms Han Dynasty Northern Song Southern Song Five Dynasties & Ten Kingdoms Eastern Zhou Dynasty Xin Three Kingdoms Period Jin Xia Dynasty Shang Dynasty Western Zhou Western Han Yuan Dynasty Qin Dynasty Eastern Han Western Jin Eastern Jin Spring & Autumn Period Warring States Period Sui Dynasty Western Xia Ming Dynasty Qing Dynasty Wu Tang Dynasty Southern & Northern Dynasties Liao Three Kingdom Dynasties: Shu, Wu, Wei Southern & Norther Dynasties: Southern: Liu Song, Southern Qi, Liang, Chen Norther: Northern Wei, Eastern Wei, Western Wei, Northern Qi, Northern Zhou Five Dynasties & Ten Kingdoms: Five Dynasties: Later Liang, Later Tang, Later Jin, Later Han, Later Zhou 10 Kingdoms: Wu, Wuyue, Min, Chu, Southern Han, Former, Shu, Jingnan, Southern Tang, Northern Han 1500 1000 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 CE 2000 BCE Imperial China Modern China Ancient China Confucius Han Fei Li Si

Let’s review legalist philosophy What is emphasized in legalism?

Han Fei (d. 233 BCE) Li Si (d. 208 BCE) Legalist philosopher Chinese philosopher of the Warring States period who emphasized the rule of law as a base for society and government. Emphasizing that the autocrat (strong ruler) will be able to achieve firm control over the state with the mastering these methodologies: his position of power (勢, Shì); technique (術, Shù), and law (法, Fǎ). Politician and Legalist philosopher of the Qin dynasty He served as the Chancellor (or Prime Minister) of the Qin dynasty from 246–208 BC, well known Legalist writer, politician, and calligrapher He served under two rulers: Qin Shi Huang, (the First Emperor of the Qin dynasty & Qin Er Shi (Qin Shi Huang's youngest son and the Second Emperor) responsible for the creation of those institutions that made the Qin dynasty the first super power in Chinese history  He unified the laws, governmental rules, and weights and measures  STANDARDIZATION: writing and cultural unification of China

Confucianism Confucius (the Latinized version of Kong Fuzi, “master Kong”) (551-479 BCE) Zhou kingdom disintegrated into many independent feudal states  Zhou kings had little control  lived during the Waring Period Confucius was a man of the small feudal state of Lu Confucius traveled among the states during the warring states period Political advisor and official to feudal rulers and taking on students whom he would teach for a fee. Confucius had an unsuccessful career as a politician, but a highly successful teacher A couple of generations after his death, first- and second-generation students gathered accounts of Confucius’ teachings together. These anecdotes and records of short conversations go under the English title of the Analects.

Mencius (Mengzi, or Meng Ke) Supporter of Confucianism Living in the fourth century BCE, about one hundred years after Confucius Pointed out contradiction of Confucianism during the Warring States period : ideal of a peaceful, unified, hierarchical feudal kingdom and the reality of nearly constant warfare between independent feudal states Like Confucius, Mencius offered his services to feudal lords. Also like Confucius, Mencius had a more successful career as a teacher than as an official.

How did the Waring States period affect the policies and structure of the Qin Dynasty?

Selections from the Confucian Analects: “…The noble person concerns himself with the root; when the root is established, the Way is born. Being filial and fraternal — is this not the root of humaneness?” “Lead them by means of regulations and keep order among them through punishments, and the people will evade them and will lack any sense of shame. Lead them through moral force (de) and keep order among them through rites (li), and they will have a sense of shame and will also correct themselves.” “Wealth and honor are what people desire, but one should not abide in them if it cannot be done in accordance with the Way. Poverty and lowliness are what people dislike, but one should not avoid them if it cannot be done in accordance with the Way. If the noble person rejects humaneness, how can he fulfill that name? The noble person does not abandon humaneness for so much as the space of a meal. Even when hard-pressed he is bound to it, bound to it even in time of danger.” “The noble person is concerned with rightness; the small person is concerned with profit.”

Synthesis: What are the similarities and differences between Legalist and Confusion philosophy?