Advanced Placement United States History American Pageant Kennedy Cohen Bailey Chapter 35-36 American Pageant

FDR and World War II USS Shaw – Pearl Harbor – December 7th

Isolationism - Neutrality Nye Committee Hearings –1934 Recommended Neutrality Gerald P. Nye (Rep., S.D.)

Neutrality Acts of ‘34, ‘35, ‘37 Intended to Keep U.S. out of World War II by Restricting Loans or Sales of Weapons to Belligerents

Britain by Establishing Neutrality Act of 1939 Intended to Help Britain by Establishing “Cash & Carry” Policy

America First Committee 1940 Charles Lindbergh

America First Committee Opposed all Aid to Britain - Called FDR a “War Monger”

The Destroyer Deal - Sept. 1940 U.S. Gives Britain 50 old World War I Destroyers for Eight Naval Bases Used to Fight German U-Boats in the Atlantic.

FDR Breaks Two Term Tradition 1940 Election vs. Wendell Willkie, Republican Franklin Roosevelt, Democrat

Demands Jobs for Blacks in Defense Industry March on Washington, 1941 A. Philip Randolph Demands Jobs for Blacks in Defense Industry

March on Washington, 1941 FDR Issues Executive Order 8802 Guaranteeing Blacks Jobs in Defense Plants

March on Washington, 1941 A. Philip Randolph would later organize the 1963 March on Washington where Martin Luther King, Jr. delivers his “I Have a Dream Speech” WWII Poster Promoting Racial Unity

The Four Freedoms Speech: Delivered before Congress January 6, 1941 *from Fear *from Want *of Speech *to Worship

The Four Freedoms: from FEAR World War II Poster by Norman Rockwell

The Four Freedoms: from WANT World War II Poster by Norman Rockwell

The Four Freedoms: of SPEECH World War II Poster by Norman Rockwell

The Four Freedoms: to WORSHIP World War II Poster by Norman Rockwell

Atlantic Conference The Atlantic Charter: August 9-12, 1941 “…after the final destruction of the Nazi tyranny, (we) hope to see established a peace which will afford… all men … (the means to)… live out their lives in freedom from fear and want…”

Atlantic Conference Secret Agreement USS Kearny 10/17/41 FDR promised Churchill that U.S. Navy ships would pursue and attack Nazi U-boats in the Atlantic until an incident was created to provide a cause for war. USS Reuben James 10/31/41

Pearl Harbor Attack 2,403 Servicemen Killed December 7, 1941

FDR Declares War December 8, 1941

Washington Conference Dec. 22, 1941 to Jan. 14, 1942 FDR & Churchill adopt a policy of “Europe First” that considers Germany the greater danger than Japan.

Executive Order 9066 120,000 Japanese Americans Ordered Interned, 1942

Japanese American Internment Dr. Seuss “Waiting for the Signal from Home….”

Japanese American Internment CAUSED BY: Anti-Asian Racism Anger over Pearl Harbor Fear of “Jap” Invasion Fear of “Jap” Sabotage

War Propaganda Promoted Vigilance, …sometimes this translated as mistrust.

War Propaganda Promoted Vigilance, …sometimes this translated as social change. for African Americans… for women…

War Propaganda Promoted Vigilance, …sometimes it urged harder work.

War Propaganda Promoted Vigilance, …sometimes it urged conservation. “Step on it, kid, ya got gas and rubber to burn!”

Niesi Soldiers in U.S. Army Daniel Inouye, 1st Lt., 442nd Regimental Combat Team later: U.S. Senator, Hawaii

North African Invasion November 8, 1942

Casablanca Conference January 14-23, 1943 The Allied Powers demand “Unconditional Surrender” from the Axis nations. Eisenhower & FDR

Invasion of Sicily & Italy August 1943

Teheran Conference Stalin Roosevelt Churchill November 28-December 2, 1943 Stalin Roosevelt Churchill

Accomplishments of Teheran: Britain and U.S.A. to Open Second Front Against Nazis in Europe – D-Day Invasion Disagree Over Partitioning of Germany – Agreed to Occupation Zones Instead

Invasion of Europe – D-Day June 6, 1944 – Normandy, France

Roosevelt’s Fourth Term, 1944 VS. Franklin Roosevelt, Democrat Thomas Dewey, Republican

Yalta Conference February 4-11, 1945 Churchill Roosevelt Stalin

Yalta Accomplishments: Agree to Form United Nations Soviets to Attack Japan after Nazi Surrender Allies Unwilling Acquiesce to Soviet Dominance in Eastern Europe

Changing of the Guard: April 12, 1945 FDR: Died Warm Spring, GA. Vice President Harry S Truman FDR: Died Warm Spring, GA.

VE Day – Victory in Europe May 7, 1945 Nazis Surrender, New York Crowd Celebrates

Potsdam Conference Clement Atlee Harry Truman Joseph Stalin July 16, 1945-August 2, 1945 Clement Atlee Harry Truman Joseph Stalin

Atomic Bombs Alamogordo, NM July 16, 1945 Hiroshima August 6, 1945 Nagasaki August 9, 1945

VJ Day – Victory Over Japan Celebrations in Times Square, NYC, Aug. 14, 1945

FDR and World War II THE END USS Missouri