Imperialism In Southeast Asia

European Powers Invade the Pacific Rim Just like with Africa, Europeans carved up lands in Southeast Asia - part of the Pacific Rim Two part goal: Get better access to China and to tropical agriculture, minerals and oil 1700s - Dutch East India Trading Company took cover much of Indonesia – at one time was known as the Took the islands of Malacca and Java; built rubber tree plantations there Eventually needed more space, which made them take the islands of Borneo, Sumatra, Celebes the Moluccas and Bali Brought a large Dutch population to manage the plantations in Indonesia - created a rigid class system with Europeans at the top, wealthy Indonesians in the middle, and workers at the bottom Dutch forced Indonesian famers to plant 1/5th of their crop based on the needs of the Dutch East India Trading Company

The Pacific Rim

European Powers Invade the Pacific Rim (Cont.) The British looked for a trading base that could be a stop for their ships that traveled the China-India route Found a large harbor in Singapore, on the tip of the Malay Peninsula Britain also Seized Burma (Myanmar) and planted colonies in Malaysia – focused on rubber production Became the world’s leading rubber exporter at one point Needing workers to manage the plantations and mine for tin, the British encouraged Chinese migration Malaysians became a minority in their own country – tensions between ethnic Chinese and Malaysians exist to this day

European Powers Invade the Pacific Rim (Cont.) The French were active in Southeast Asia since the 17th Century In the 1840s, an anti-Christian emperor had seven French missionaries killed Church leaders and capitalists who wanted more of the Southeast markets called for military intervention Emperor Napoleon III had the French army invade Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia Territories combined are known as French Indochina Major crop was rice – local industry wasn’t encouraged by the French, and Vietnamese decreased their consumption of rice because it was sold as a cash crop Vietnamese grew angry with French rule; start of Vietnamese resistance against France

Siam Remains Independent While its neighbors fell under the control of imperialists on all sides, Siam (modern day Thailand) maintained its independence throughout the colonial period Siam Lay between British Burma and the French Indochina – they regular subverted each other from getting control of Siam Siamese kings knew this and promoted Siam as a neutral zone between the two powers King Mongkut (1804 – 1868) modernized Siam – set up schools, telegraph lines, railroads, and ended slavery Through these changes, Siam managed to escape economic exploitation and racism by the Europeans when other parts of the region were controlled by foreign powers

U.S. Imperialism in the Pacific Islands Two groups of Americans were outspoken supporters imperialism – Empire builders that wanted America to become a world power and capitalists that wanted new markets and trade 1898 – U.S. got the Philippines, Guam and Puerto Rico from Spain after the Spanish American War Filipinos weren’t happy to trade one colonizer – the Spanish – for another, the Americans Emilio Aguinaldo led Filipino nationalists and declared independence for the Philippines from the U.S. – established a republic U.S. engaged the nationalists from 1899 – 1902; U.S. put down the resistance and promised to prepare the Philippines for self rule Established schools, roads, hospitals, railroads, etc. Business interests encouraged the production of cash crops; sugar, at the expense of the Filipinos

U.S. Imperialism in the Pacific Islands (Cont.) U.S. interest in Hawaii began in the 1790s when the islands were used as a port on the way tot china and East India 1820s - Sugar trade changed Hawaiian economy via American plantations and became highly successful By the mid-1800s, sugar plantations Accounted for 75% of Hawaii’s wealth 1893, Queen Liliuokalani took power and called for a new constitution Would give her more authority and more political power to the Hawaiians as the expense of the planters American businessmen had the marines sent to Hawaii; Placed the queen under house arrest 1894, Sanford Dole – a wealthy plantation owner – became the president of Hawaii and asked the U.S. to annex it (it was in 1898)

Sanford Dole Queen Liliuokalani

Pre-Write (Find 2 More Changes/Continuities) 1. After overcoming persecution within the Roman Empire, Christianity becomes and accepted, and later, the dominant religion in Europe (helped because of missionaries/apostles and the conversion of Constantine in the 300s A.D.) 2. Centralized states provided law and order for the citizens of Europe 3. Trade becomes an important aspect due European society (Roman Empire, later part of the Middle Ages) 1. Christianity is not uniform in Europe – Roman Catholic Church split with the Eastern Orthodox Church during the Great Schism and the Reformation led to breaking between Catholics and Protestants (helped largely by Luther and his 95 Thesis) 2. Major empires like the Roman (nomadic invasions) and Byzantine Empires (Ottoman Empire) give way to smaller centralized states like the Carolingian and Holy Roman Empires – End of classical/overreaching empires 3. With trade comes the onset of diseases like the Black Plague, which altered Europe’s population while also introducing new technologies and goods that weren’t really seen/r

1-2 Sentences: Introduce the topic (Europe) Thesis: Background Practice Prompt Explain the continuities and changes in Europe from 100 – 1600 A.D. 1-2 Sentences: Introduce the topic (Europe) Hint: Think about what it was home to from 100 – 1600 B.C.

Thesis: Background (Cont.) Ex. Europe, a subcontinent west of Asia and north of Africa, is home to many different peoples and bears the histories of various kingdoms and empires.

Thesis: Continuities 1-2 Sentences: Write/list the continuities that you found about Europe

Thesis: Continuities Ex. From 100 to 1600 A.D., Europe was heavily influenced by the onset of Christianity, was ruled by successive kingdoms or empires, and experienced drops and influxes of trade.

Thesis: Changes 2-3 Sentences: Write the changes that were found in European society that were related to Continuities

Thesis: Changes Ex. While Christianity was the dominant religion in Europe during the time period, certain events changed the way some people practiced it. Centralized kingdoms or states were not long lasting and the increase in trade caused changes in population availability of technologies and products

Put It Together!!! Europe, a subcontinent west of Asia and north of Africa, is home to many different peoples and bears the histories of various kingdoms and empires. From 100 to 1600 A.D., Europe was heavily influenced by the onset of Christianity, was ruled by successive kingdoms or empires, and experienced drops and influxes of trade. While Christianity was the dominant religion in Europe during the time period, certain events changed the way some people practiced it. Centralized kingdoms or states were not long lasting and the increase in trade caused changes in population as well as the availability of technologies and products.

Write sample Introduction, then using your chart, write your own introduction beneath it Europe, a subcontinent west of Asia and north of Africa, is home to many different peoples and bears the histories of various kingdoms and empires. From 100 to 1600 A.D., Europe was heavily influenced by the onset of Christianity, was ruled by successive kingdoms or empires, and experienced drops and influxes of trade. While Christianity was the dominant religion in Europe during the time period, certain events changed the way some people practiced it. Centralized kingdoms or states were not long lasting and the increase in trade caused changes in population as well as the availability of technologies and products. B CH CON