REVIEW FOR HUMAN IMPACT

1. 2 2. 2 3. 3 4. 1 5. 3 6. 1

7. 1 11. 2 15. 2 8. 2 12. 3 16. 1 9. 3 13. 2 17. 1 10. 4 14. 2 18. 3

19-20. 19. UV exposure, Increased mutations 20. Hydrocarbons – decrease pesticides use & auto exhaust. Sulfur Dioxide – decrease burning of fossil fuel. CO2 – Decrease in car usage & deforestation CFC’s – use alternatives

21. 22-26. The grain crops decreased OR Fewer cattle were killed. 22. Air pollution, acid rain, global warming 23. Hydro (water) 24. coal, oil 25. & 26: see graph

27. 1 27. 28. 29. May move through the food web. The pH decreases, Acid in lakes increases, pH decreases from 6.8-4.8, decreases animal population 29. May move through the food web. May change the pH of water May kill organisms

30-32. 30. Purple loosestrife – crowd out other plants Zebra mussel – outcompete native species Brown tree snake – eat herbivores etc… 31. Pass laws & increase public awareness 32. No competition, could become top predator, increase in food 33-34. 33. Doesn’t allow for recycling of nutrients & takes up landfill space. 34. Decrease in; biodiversity, O2, energy & increase in CO2 35. * Damage ocean habitats & cause pollution from spills. * Create jobs, keep prices low, increase oil supply

36. - Plant trees, preserve habitats, recycle, do not import foreign species. 37. Leads to food shortage, a decrease in materials for building, medicines & research. 38. Increase people use more resources = less resources available Decrease waste in landfills Recycling keeps resources available Resources last longer water, wood/paper, soil, glass, cans, plastic

From ballast tanks of cargo ships 39. Cargo ships traveling to the Great Lakes from the Caspian Sea in Eurasia often carry water in tanks known as ballast tanks. This water helps the ships to be more stable while crossing the ocean. Upon arrival in the Great Lakes, this water is pumped out of the ships. Often this water contains species that are not native to the Great Lakes environment. The zebra mussel is one species that was introduced into the Great Lakes in this way. Although large numbers of zebra mussels often clog water intake pipes of power plants and other industries, the mussels have a benefit. Each mussel filters about a quart of water per day, absorbing cancer-causing PCB’s from lake water in the process. The goby, a bottom-feeding fish from Europe, was introduced into the Great Lakes in a similar way a few years later. The gobies have become a dominant species in the Great Lakes, eating small zebra mussels and the eggs and young of other fish. Gobies are eaten by large sport fish. These sport fish have been tested and PCB’s have been found in their tissues. Recommendations have been made that people limit the number of sport fish they eat. From ballast tanks of cargo ships They clog pipes, disrupt the food chain & eat fish eggs. Zebra mussels filter PCB’s from lake water & gobies eat small zebra mussels. Then they are eaten by larger sport fish.