Energy: Conservation and Transfer Explain the environmental implications associated with the various methods of obtaining, managing, and using energy resources.

Energy: Conservation and Transfer 8.P.2.1 Explain the environmental consequences of the various methods of obtaining, transforming and distributing energy. 8.P.2.2 Explain the implications of the depletion of renewable and nonrenewable energy resources and the importance of conservation.

Forms and Transformations of Energy What is energy? The ability to make things move or change

Energy Transformations Energy changes forms all of the time but can never be destroyed. The amount before and after a transfer or transformation will always be the same Like in a chemical reaction

Energy Transformations When a lightbulb is lit, the energy released as heat is not useful, often called “lost” energy It is not lost, just transferred to the air around the bulb Whenever energy is transformed, some moves into the environment in the form of heat, just feel your cellphone while it is charging!

Energy Resources and Their Environmental Impact Humans use large amounts of energy to power cars, heat homes, and produce electricity This energy comes from the environment Surroundings of all living things Energy and the environment

Types of Energy Resources Nonrenewable Energy Resource Energy source that is used faster than it can be replaced Also called Exhaustible Resources Video Renewable Energy Resource Energy source than can be replaced as it is used or cannot be used up Video (Part 2)

Nonrenewable Energy Resources Most energy in the US comes from Fossil Fuels An energy resource that formed over millions of years from the decayed remains of ancient plants and animals A solid example of this is coal Used to power many power plants for electricity A liquid example of this is petroleum (oil) Often turned into propane to heat homes A gas example of this is natural gas Usually found with petroleum

Nonrenewable Energy Resources The main advantage of fossil fuels is the large amount of energy they can produce However, this leads to pollution The release of unwanted materials into the environment Extracted the action of taking out something, especially using effort or force ; examples of resources are coal, oil, and natural gas Coal mining can damage land and pollute water supplies Burning coal causes air pollution Accidents can damage habitats Fossil Fuels Video History of…

Nonrenewable Energy Resources Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide into the air Many scientists believe that the extra CO2 has led to Global Warming. A trend of rising average temperatures around the world This term has recently been changed to Climate Change The broader set of changes that go along with global warming: including changes in weather patterns, oceans, ice, snow, and ecosystems. Argument about Global Warming Long Argument against Global Warming Shorter

Nonrenewable Energy Resources Ozone An inorganic molecule with the chemical formula O3. A major air pollutant in the lower atmosphere but a beneficial component of the upper atmosphere It is a pale blue gas with a distinctively pungent smell. Los Angeles Smog Greenhouse Effect The heating of the atmosphere owing to the presence of CO2 and other gases. Greenhouse Effect, Ozone, and Global Warming Video

Nonrenewable Energy Resources Nuclear Energy Energy released during nuclear fission or fusion, especially when used to generate electricity. Another source of energy used in the US Most use Uranium, a nonrenewable resource Does not cause air pollution Could release radioactive materials into the environment that could be harmful to living organisms (us…) Produces radioactive waste which needs to be stored for a long time

Renewable Energy Resources Humans have used Natural Resources for thousands of years Materials provided by the Earth that can be used to make more complex products Wind Water Solar

Renewable Energy Resources Solar Energy Processes that use energy from the sun to generate heat or electricity. Often used today to heat water in homes Solar panels can be used to produce electricity also Photovoltaic Cell Another name for a solar cell They collect sunlight that heats the atoms in the cell Cannot be used at night Can combine with Solar Batteries Store the energy collected during the day Solar Reflector Reflects and focuses sunlight onto fluid-filled pipes

Renewable Energy Resources Wind Energy The kinetic energy of wind, harnessed and redirected to perform a task mechanically or to generate electrical power. Turns the Wind Turbines Structure that has large blades attached to an engine and that is used to produce electricity No pollution but does affect local environments Noisy for the neighbors Local birds and bats are often struck by the blades Many nations looking offshore to build new wind farms

Renewable Energy Resources Description of Wind Turbines Elizabeth City Wind Farm (Part 1) Elizabeth City Wind Farm (Part 2)

Renewable Energy Resources Hydroelectric Generating electricity using flowing water to drive a turbine that powers a generator. typically from a reservoir held behind a dam Built on rivers in US and around the world Moving water turn blades to produce electricity Similar to wind energy Usually near waterfalls or fast moving water Watch This Dam Video! Dam Removal Video

Renewable Energy Resources Biomass Any material from living things that can be used as an energy source Examples include burning wood, fermenting crops like corn for ethanol Disadvantage is the release of CO2 into the environment Another disadvantage is the use of food source for energy when there are people starving. NASCAR connection

Renewable Energy Resources Geothermal Energy Heat energy inside Earth that can be used to heat buildings and produce electricity Usually located over volcanic grounds Iceland has the largest number Nearly 90% of all homes in Iceland are heated by geothermal energy Geothermal Heat (1 minute) Geothermal Use in Iceland (11 minutes)

Using and Conserving Energy Resources Nonrenewable energy resources are used most worldwide. In the last 50 years, we have doubled the use of fossil fuels to meet the growing world population These fuels will not last forever

Using Energy Using Energy Conserving Energy Using energy responsibly The more tools and devices we develop, the more energy we will need Conserving Energy In the 1950’s we used the same amount of energy we produced In the 2000’s we use much more energy than we produce Conservation The careful use and management of resources Using energy responsibly 20 Minute Video Bill Nye Energy Episode Major League Baseball Goes Green 10 minutes