14th Amendment “No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.”

Progressive Age

Elections McKinley assassinated in 1901 Roosevelt becomes President and wins re-election in 1904 Taft wins in 1908 as Roosevelt's successor

Elections Initiative Referendum Recall Secret Ballot V A bill originated by the people not lawmakers Referendum Voters vote on initiative Recall Remove public officials from elected office by election Secret Ballot V Voting in a closed booth secretly Seventeenth Amendment Direct election of U.S. Senators

Women Organizations/Leaders- Suffrage 19th Amendment National Association of Colored Women (African American women) National Women Suffrage Association (Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton) National American Woman Suffrage Association (Julia Ward Howe, Lucy Stone) Suffrage The right to vote 19th Amendment Granting women the right to vote

Roosevelt “A simple and poor society can exist on the basis of sheer individualism, but a rich and complex industrial society cannot so exist.” Implying need for strong federal government Square Deal Giving back rights to the common people, protecting them from corruption and evil

Theodore Roosevelt First President to own a car, ride in an airplane, dive in a submarine, travel outside U.S. during tenure etc. War Hero with the Rough Riders https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Do89pViPkvU Continued his speech after being shot “It will take more than that to kill a bull moose” Bull Moose Party

Trusts, Strikes, Railroads (Roosevelt) Broke up many trusts he deemed hurt the public interest (Sherman Anti-Trust Act) Pennsylvania coal strike led to shrinking coal reserves Roosevelt calls leaders to the White House to strike a bargain New principle of federal intervention Elkins Act- Forbade rebates and could not change set rates without notifying the public Hepburn Act- Limited bribery, expanded ICC power to set rates

Food and Drugs Meat Inspection Act Pure Food and Drug Act Strict cleanliness requirements for meatpackers and created a program of federal meat inspection Pure Food and Drug Act Halted sale of contaminated foods and medicines and called for truth in labeling Principle of not being able to lie to the public

Conservation Setting aside some land for federal protection Sold land in the West to fund dam projects Federal government managing precious water resources

Civil Rights Roosevelt- Supported a few individuals but not the movement National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (W.E.B. DuBois) Wilson- Opposed anti-lynching legislation, supported segregation

Tariffs (Taft) Payne Aldrich Tariff- Compromise that only slightly lowered tariffs Angered Progressives

Election of 1912 Candidates/Parties Issues Who Won and Why? Taft (Republican) Wilson (Democrat) Roosevelt (Bull-Moose) Issues Republican party splits between progressives and old guard Who Won and Why? Wilson wins because Republican vote is split

Election of 1912

Trusts (Wilson) FTC- Federal Trade Commission Power to investigate possible violations of regulations Clayton Anti-Trust Act- Strengthened Sherman Act Prohibited corporations from gaining stock of another company if it would create a monopoly Legalized strikes Magna Carta for labor

Income Tax and Finance 16th Amendment- Allowed government to collect income tax Tax on an individuals earnings Lowered tariff meant they needed to collect revenue from elsewhere Federal Reserve Central bank that could adjust the money supply System of mixed public and private banks

Alcoholism/Moral Degredation Prohibition- banning of alcoholic beverages Groups/Leaders- Woman’s Christian Temperance Union Banning alcohol, opening kindergartens, visiting the poor Carry Nation 18th Amendment- banned consumption or sale of alcohol in the U.S.