Ch.2, Sec.3 – The Impact of Colonization

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Presentation transcript:

Ch.2, Sec.3 – The Impact of Colonization Life in Spanish America - by A.D. 1700, Spain controlled most of the Americas - Spain divided the Americas up into two provinces or viceroyalty: New Spain & Peru - Spaniards & Creoles (people of Spanish descent born in the colonies) held the most power - Natives & slaves held the least

Ch.2, Sec.3 – The Impact of Colonization - Spain forced all Natives to assimilate to Christianity - Spain used encomiendas (grants of Native American labor) to make the colonies more productive - plantations or haciendas were created to provide food to the colonies & Spain (cotton, sugar, coffee, etc…) - most of the Natives were treated cruelly and forced to work in the mines and fields

Ch.2, Sec.3 – The Impact of Colonization The Emergence of American Slavery - most Natives died from diseases & overwork, so the Spaniards turned to African slaves - African slaves were immune to diseases, provided cheap labor, and many had previously worked on farms - the African Diaspora (forced removal for slavery) brought over 12 million slaves until the late 1800s - the voyage of the slave ships was called the middle passage and was a part of the triangular trade

Ch.2, Sec.3 – The Impact of Colonization

Ch.2, Sec.3 – The Impact of Colonization

Ch.2, Sec.3 – The Impact of Colonization The Columbian Exchange - the movement of plants and animals from the Eastern and Western hemispheres was called the Columbian Exchange - germs were also exchanged – close to 20 million Native Americans died between A.D. 1519 to 1619 - positive effects were an exchange of plants from both continents to one another, allowing a more diverse world of crops and animals (cattle, pigs, horses, grapes, onions, wheat, potatoes, & corn)

Ch.2, Sec.3 – The Impact of Colonization