Pg. 116 The Atlantic World Chapter 4

Spain Builds an American Empire Pg.119 Spain Builds an American Empire 4.1

Columbus Nina, Pinta & Santa Maria Confused the Bahamas for India Named it San Salvador "Holy Savior" Spain was so happy they financed 3 more trips 2nd trip 17 ships & over 1,000 men

Portugal Reached Brazil in 1500 Year later Amerigo Vespucci Sails Claimed land was not part of Asia German Map maker names continent "America"

Magellan Convinces Spain to fund a trip in the Pacific Crew reaches Philippines Magellan gets involved in a war & eventually dies Of original crew only 18 survive to return 3 years later

Mexico Hernando Cortes Known as conquistadors Looking for Silver & Gold Spanish - First Europeans to settle Americas

Aztecs Cortes finds vast wealth of Aztecs Montezuma convinced Cortes was a God in Armor Montezuma agreed to give Cortes a portion of Gold Cortes not satisfied

Aztecs Cont. 1520 Cortes kills many warriors & chief Aztecs rebel but Cortes comes back in 1521 Most powerful weapon Measles, mumps, smallpox & typhus

Incas Pizarro meets Atahualpa (ruler) Spanish Ambush & Kidnap Atahualpa Spanish eventually kill Atahualpa Remaining Inca troops retreat Pizarro capture Cajamarca without struggle

European Nations Settle North America Pg. 127 European Nations Settle North America 4.2

New France French Sail up St. Lawrence River Founded Quecec French Explore Great Lakes Claims Entire Mississippi in the name of France Names lower Mississippi Louisiana

English Jamestown 7 out of 10 Die More interested in Gold than crops “New England” Founded by Pilgrams

Dutch New Netherland Find Hudson River, Hudson Bay, Hudson Strait Established fur trade with indians

The Atlantic Slave Trade Pg. 132 The Atlantic Slave Trade 4.3

Causes of African Slavery Muslims stated religion reasons for slave trade Slaves able to hold places of power Could escape slavery in several ways

Demand for Africans Advantages of using Africans build up immunity to European disease Could be taught to farm Less likely to escape Skin color made them easier to spot and catch

Spain/Portugal Spain imports 300,000 by 1650 Labored on plantations & gold/silver mines Portugal passes Spain in slaves Demand for sugar 17th century 40% of slaves were in Brazil

England 1690-1807 -- Leader in carrier of slaves 1.7 million transported only 400,000 transported to America 2 million in America

African Cooperation Africans help in trade for gold, guns & other goods

Triangle Trade Trade route Middle passage Brought from Africa to Americas

Columbian Exchange and Global Trade Pg. 137 Columbian Exchange and Global Trade 4.4

Columbian Exchange Global transfer off foods, plants, and animals during the colonization of the Americas Bring many new things from Americas to Europe and vise versa

Global Trade Capitalism Economic system based on private ownership and the investment off resources Joint-Stock Companies Like a modern day company

Mercantilism Countries power depended mainly on its wealth Could increase power Obtain gold & silver Establish favorable trade