PSYC 1120 Day 17 Grade School and Adolescence

Agenda Return tests and discuss Final chance to give book reports Discuss growth issues in grades school and adolescence Learning Disabilities Begin film: FAT City Workshop

Book Reviews

STAGE THEORISTS Grade School to Adolescence PIAGET From Preoperational to Concrete Operational thought to Formal Operational thought ERIKSON From Initiative versus Guilt to Industry versus Inferiority to Identity versus Role Confusion FREUD From Phallic to Latency to Genital

Ages 7-11 according to Piaget: Concrete Operational Thought less egocentric able to reverse operations and decenter can conserve, but development is uneven literal thinking; uneven ability to use abstractions or make hypotheses change must be able to see or imagine events

Cognitive Development Memory improves Children begin developing memory- aiding strategies metamemory - knowledge of one’s own memory processes Mnemonic devices

Exceptional Needs Learning disabilities Dyslexia Dyscalcula Dysgraphia Dysnomia ADD/ADHD

Discrepancy Criterion Aptitude and performance are more than 2 years different aptitude testing – usually I.Q achievement testing raw score (percent of total possible) percentile (compared to reference population or all others who took the test at a given time)

Home schooling http://www.midnightbeach.com/hs Learning disabilities http://www.ncld.org/ http://www.ldonline.org/ http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/misunderstoodminds/

Film FAT City Workshop

You saw a couple in an intimate pose, right You saw a couple in an intimate pose, right? Interestingly, research has shown that young children cannot identify the intimate couple because they do not have prior memory associated with such a scenario. What they WILL see, however, is the nine dolphins in the picture!

Biological Development Weight boys and girls equal at 8-9 girls become heavier and stay so into adolescence (age 14-15) Nutritional issues Diet high in fat, sugar and salt

Obesity in Grade School Children Most children who are obese will become obese adults Caused by both genetic and environmental factors Social problems Television viewing Lack of exercise becomes vicious cycle

Omaha Public Schools’ Policy http://www.ops.org/district/CENTRALOFFICES/BusinessServices/NutritionServices/WellnessInformation/tabid/713/Default.aspx

Old

Plan a school lunch menu Plan a healthy school hot lunch for a grade school aged child and for a middle or high school student Plan a healthy school sack lunch for the same two groups Be creative with these lunches – think outside the box (or the bun) to add variety to the child’s menu. What can be done to encourage children to consume full lunches at school? How can parents be involved? Consider a full day on the pyramid worksheet (see next entry on “useful links”) – your lunch should include at least 1/3 of the recommended portions

What can be done to help obese grade school children? 1. 2. 3. 4.

Perhaps these links might be helpful in completing this assignment. http://pediatrics.about.com/cs/polls/l/blpoll_schl_lun.ht http://pediatrics.about.com/cs/usefultools/l/bl_kids_centils.htm www.fns.usda.gov/tn/kids-pyramid.html www.murray.k12.ga.us

www.nutritionaustralia.org www.dfes.gov.uk/schoollunches/ www.pinellas.k12.fl.us/CI/STEPS/wellness.html Or do your own web search. Bring ideas and possible other resources with you to class on Tuesday.

Adolescence

Describing adolescence The bridge between childhood and adulthood G. Stanley Hall-- period of storm and stress Encompasses all domains: biosocial, cognitive and social-emotional

Puberty How can you tell when it begins? What interpersonal issues may arise? What should you do to prepare your child? (How well were you prepared?)

Need for sex education Where do children/teens get their information? Allgeir study: most informative source

Allgeir results School courses Mother Printed matter (books, pamphlets, Internet, etc.) Peers Father Boy Friend or Girl Friend

Puberty Review sequence of puberty Compare development of boys to development of girls Consequences of growth spurt

Sequence of Puberty: Males Initial appearance of pubic hair Growth of the testes and penis First ejaculation A peak in the growth spurt Voice deepening Beard development Completion of pubic hair growth

Sequence of Puberty: Females Beginning of breast development Initial pubic hair The growth spurt Widening of the hips Menarche Completion of pubic hair and breast development

Sexual Characteristics Primary - directly related to the sex organs menarche nocturnal emissions growth of penis ovulation

Sexual Characteristics Secondary - others related to sexual maturity; sex hormones breast development change of voice face and body hair pubic hair

Assignment Finish FAT City Discuss School lunches Activity Discuss Adolescence Hand out Take Home Test #3 on Thursday – due February 17