Mutations 2007-2008.

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Presentation transcript:

Mutations 2007-2008

Mutation: ________________________________________________ mistakes in completed DNA are 1 in 1 billion

Chromosomal Alterations Chromosomal mutations--______________________________________________________________ Are especially common in plants. 4 main types— _______________________________________________________________________

When do mutations affect the next generation? _________________ single base change base-pair substitution _______________ no amino acid change redundancy in code missense ______________ ________________ change to stop codon When do mutations affect the next generation?

Point mutation leads to Sickle cell anemia What kind of mutation? Missense!

Sickle cell anemia Primarily Africans recessive inheritance pattern strikes 1 out of 400 African Americans

Mutations _______________ shift in the reading frame deletions changes everything “downstream” Not usually triplets anymore adding base(s) deletions

Point vs. Frameshift Mutations Which type of mutation is more serious? ________________________________________________________________ Point mutation affects only the amino acid at the mutation